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Genome-wide association studies ( GWAS ), Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models, and neuropathological studies jointly support the central role of immune disorders in AD and cognitive decline in later life
.
However, when and how the immune system contributes to the decades-long human AD pathogenesis is still largely unknown, and it is also known whether an increase or decrease in the activity of various immune pathways can predict the progression of AD.
GWAS immunization
Although cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of neuroinflammation reflect the progress of AD, CSF sampling requires invasive lumbar puncture and is difficult to promote and implement in large multicenter clinical trials
.
On the other hand, blood-based biomarker measurement is less invasive and therefore easier to evaluate in clinical trials and clinical practice
However, the longitudinal relationship between plasma cytokines and AD biomarkers and the future cognitive decline rate of CU elderly is still poorly understood
They measured 9 cytokines in the baseline plasma of 298 long-term follow-up CU elderly people, and assessed whether these measures were related to cognitive decline, alone or synergistically with Aβ
.
They next studied the association between cytokine levels and neuroimaging biomarkers of Aβ/tau/neurodegeneration
They found that in the case of higher Aβ, higher IL-12p70 was associated with slower cognitive decline, and higher IFN-γ was associated with slower cognitive decline, not with Aβ (FDR=0.
013)
.
013)
.
Higher IL-12p70 is associated with slower cognitive decline, and higher IFN-γ is associated with slower cognitive decline, and has nothing to do with Aβ (FDR=0.
Among participants with higher Aβ, higher IL-12p70 was associated with less tau and neurodegeneration
Original source:
Yang HS, Zhang C, Carlyle BC, Zhen SY, Trombetta BA, Schultz AP, Pruzin JJ, Fitzpatrick CD, Yau WW, Kirn DR, Rentz DM, Arnold SE, Johnson KA, Sperling RA, Chhatwal JP, Tanzi RE .
Plasma IL-12/IFN-γ axis predicts cognitive trajectories in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
Alzheimers Dement.
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