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Introduction A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
.
Most infections involve the lower urinary tract, including the bladder and urethra
.
This article organizes the symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections for your reference! Women are more prone to UTIs than men
.
Urinary tract symptoms in women Urinary tract symptoms in men Urinary tract infections are not always associated with signs or symptoms, but symptoms, if present, may include: Strong, persistent urge to urinate Red, bright pink, or cola color - signs of bloody urine smelly pelvic pain in women Types of pelvic pain Different types of UTIs can cause more specific signs and symptoms, depending on the location of the urinary tract infection
.
Causes Urinary tract infections usually occur when bacteria pass through the urethra into the urinary tract and begin to multiply in the bladder
.
The urinary system sometimes fails to defend against tiny "intruders
.
"
Bacteria thus predominate in the urinary system and a full-blown infection can occur
.
The most common urinary tract infection seen in women: Bladder infection (cystitis): Usually caused by E.
coli, one of the most common bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract
.
It can also be caused by other bacteria
.
Sexual intercourse can cause cystitis
.
All women are at risk of developing cystitis.
Women's anatomy determines that they are more prone to cystitis.
Women's urethra to anus and urethral opening to bladder are very short distances and are susceptible to bacterial invasion.
.
Urinary tract infection (urethritis): Urethritis occurs when bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract enter the urethra from the anus
.
In addition, because the female urethra is close to the vagina, sexually transmitted infections such as herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and mycoplasma can also cause urethritis
.
Diagnostic urine sample analysis
.
Urinary tract bacteria are grown in the laboratory
.
Urinary Tract Imaging
.
Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is needed if a UTI is thought to be caused by an abnormality of the urinary tract
.
Perform cystoscopy
.
Cystoscopy is required if recurrent UTIs occur
.
The first-line treatment for urinary tract infections in men with cystoscopy is usually antibiotics
.
The medication prescribed and how long it will be used depends on the patient's condition and the type of bacteria found in the urine
.
Simple infection For simple infection, the commonly recommended drugs include: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin, cephalexin, ceftriaxone, fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin (Cipro), levofloxacin, etc.
, usually not recommended for simple urinary tract infection
.
In some cases, such as complicated urinary tract infections or kidney infections, a doctor may recommend a fluoroquinolone if no other treatment options are available
.
Usually, symptoms of a UTI disappear within a few days of starting treatment
.
Still need to continue antibiotics (for a week or more)
.
Complete the entire course of treatment as prescribed
.
Recurrent infections If urinary tract infections are frequent, the following are recommended: low-dose antibiotics for 6 months, sometimes longer
.
Stay in touch with your doctor for self-diagnosis and treatment
.
If the infection is related to sex, a single dose of antibiotics should be given after sex
.
Vaginal estrogen therapy can be given after menopause
.
Serious Infections Serious urinary tract infections require treatment with intravenous antibiotics in the hospital
.
Life>
.
Avoid drinking beverages that irritate the bladder
.
Avoid coffee, alcohol, and soft drinks that contain citrus juice or caffeine
.
Use a heating pad
.
A warm, but not hot, heating pad can be used on the abdomen to minimize bladder pressure or abdominal discomfort
.
Alternative Medicines Many people drink cranberry juice to prevent urinary tract infections
.
Cranberry juice, or tablets, may have anti-infective properties
.
Researchers are continuing to study the ability of cranberry juice to prevent urinary tract infections, but the jury is still out
.
You can drink cranberry juice to prevent UTIs, but watch your calories
.
Some people should be aware of upset stomach or diarrhea
.
Do not drink cranberry juice if the patient is taking blood-thinning drugs (such as warfarin)
.
.
Most infections involve the lower urinary tract, including the bladder and urethra
.
This article organizes the symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections for your reference! Women are more prone to UTIs than men
.
Urinary tract symptoms in women Urinary tract symptoms in men Urinary tract infections are not always associated with signs or symptoms, but symptoms, if present, may include: Strong, persistent urge to urinate Red, bright pink, or cola color - signs of bloody urine smelly pelvic pain in women Types of pelvic pain Different types of UTIs can cause more specific signs and symptoms, depending on the location of the urinary tract infection
.
Causes Urinary tract infections usually occur when bacteria pass through the urethra into the urinary tract and begin to multiply in the bladder
.
The urinary system sometimes fails to defend against tiny "intruders
.
"
Bacteria thus predominate in the urinary system and a full-blown infection can occur
.
The most common urinary tract infection seen in women: Bladder infection (cystitis): Usually caused by E.
coli, one of the most common bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract
.
It can also be caused by other bacteria
.
Sexual intercourse can cause cystitis
.
All women are at risk of developing cystitis.
Women's anatomy determines that they are more prone to cystitis.
Women's urethra to anus and urethral opening to bladder are very short distances and are susceptible to bacterial invasion.
.
Urinary tract infection (urethritis): Urethritis occurs when bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract enter the urethra from the anus
.
In addition, because the female urethra is close to the vagina, sexually transmitted infections such as herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and mycoplasma can also cause urethritis
.
Diagnostic urine sample analysis
.
Urinary tract bacteria are grown in the laboratory
.
Urinary Tract Imaging
.
Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is needed if a UTI is thought to be caused by an abnormality of the urinary tract
.
Perform cystoscopy
.
Cystoscopy is required if recurrent UTIs occur
.
The first-line treatment for urinary tract infections in men with cystoscopy is usually antibiotics
.
The medication prescribed and how long it will be used depends on the patient's condition and the type of bacteria found in the urine
.
Simple infection For simple infection, the commonly recommended drugs include: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin, cephalexin, ceftriaxone, fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin (Cipro), levofloxacin, etc.
, usually not recommended for simple urinary tract infection
.
In some cases, such as complicated urinary tract infections or kidney infections, a doctor may recommend a fluoroquinolone if no other treatment options are available
.
Usually, symptoms of a UTI disappear within a few days of starting treatment
.
Still need to continue antibiotics (for a week or more)
.
Complete the entire course of treatment as prescribed
.
Recurrent infections If urinary tract infections are frequent, the following are recommended: low-dose antibiotics for 6 months, sometimes longer
.
Stay in touch with your doctor for self-diagnosis and treatment
.
If the infection is related to sex, a single dose of antibiotics should be given after sex
.
Vaginal estrogen therapy can be given after menopause
.
Serious Infections Serious urinary tract infections require treatment with intravenous antibiotics in the hospital
.
Life>
.
Avoid drinking beverages that irritate the bladder
.
Avoid coffee, alcohol, and soft drinks that contain citrus juice or caffeine
.
Use a heating pad
.
A warm, but not hot, heating pad can be used on the abdomen to minimize bladder pressure or abdominal discomfort
.
Alternative Medicines Many people drink cranberry juice to prevent urinary tract infections
.
Cranberry juice, or tablets, may have anti-infective properties
.
Researchers are continuing to study the ability of cranberry juice to prevent urinary tract infections, but the jury is still out
.
You can drink cranberry juice to prevent UTIs, but watch your calories
.
Some people should be aware of upset stomach or diarrhea
.
Do not drink cranberry juice if the patient is taking blood-thinning drugs (such as warfarin)
.
