Binhai, Nantong, Jiangsu Province: The use of biotechnology to improve saline land.

"This is an experiment on the coastal saline soil in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, using our anti-salt corn and grain grass, and the seedling period looks good.
Jun, a researcher at the Institute of Development and Utilization of Salt-alkali Land in northern Heilongjiang Province (hereinafter referred to as the Northern Salt-alkali Land Institute), sent two pictures to reporters and explained.
, this is the Institute's use of biotechnology to improve saline and alkali land, one of the latest experimental direction.
reporters in the interview learned that before this, they have been in Heilongjiang soda saline soil has a mature technical program, that is, the use of cultivation and cultivation of anti-salt corn to transform saline-alkali land.
is just one way to improve saline land.
present, under the condition that the reserve resources of cultivated land in our country are decreasing and the difficulty of realizing the balance of cultivated land is becoming more and more difficult, it is very important to develop and utilize the salt-alkali land of cultivated land reserve resources.
although there are many methods of improving saline land in China, whether it can realize the sustainable and large-scale development and utilization of saline land resources has been debated.
"We believe that it is an economical and sustainable means to select and grow crops with anti-salt-alkali properties, to obtain normal harvest by using the resistance of salt-alkali crops to the saline environment, and to improve saline soil by returning them to the field and improving soil organic matter.
," Wang Jun told China Science Daily.
cultivation of new varieties of anti-salt-alkali corn According to statistics, there are about 500 million mu of saline-alkali land in China, because of its poor ecological environment, it is difficult to carry out agricultural production effectively.
, on the other hand, the arable land area continues to decrease due to the increasing level of urbanization.
, although there is arable land to make up the balance policy, but "to keep 1.8 billion mu of red line" is increasingly difficult.
how to develop and utilize the salt-alkali land resources as potential arable land has become an important subject.
the Songnen Plain area in northeast China, represented by Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces, is a typical ecologically fragile area with about 53 million hectares of soda saline land.
When the reporter asked about the difference between soda saline alkali soil and coastal saline alkali soil, Wang Jun said: "Mainly the composition of salt is different, the former is sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, the latter is sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, and soda salt alkali soil is more difficult to treat."
" reporters in Heilongjiang research also heard experts, soda saline soil as an important type of saline soil, with high soil exchange sodium content, salt washing difficulties and other special and complex, and soil soda salinization formation and obstacle mechanism has not been systematically explained.
For the more difficult treatment of soda salt-alkali soil, the northern salt-alkali land to anti-salt-alkali corn as the object of breeding, after more than ten years of research and development, cultivated a number of strong resistance, high yield of new varieties of non-GMO corn resources, established the "cultivation of anti-salt-alkali corn - planting anti-salt-alkali corn-corn straw over the belly, cured back to the field to increase organic matter - improve saline land" technical route.
2013, they conducted a trial in Llandxi County, Heilongjiang Province.
Wang Jun introduced, located outside the land dam in Llandxi County, the alkali pH value of about 8.5, artificial application of anti-alkali fertilizer when the uniformity is poor, but its growth is still more normal.
" test farmers believe that this alkali-resistant corn than the adjacent soil dam in the non-alkali land planted ordinary corn varieties 'first jade 335', its growth and spike size is basically the same, in the alkaliland planting anti-alkali corn yield increase potential is greater.
, " said Wang Jun.
2014, the northern salt-alkali land is located in Daqing City, Datong District, Gaotaizi town test species also confirmed this.
, the local saline pH value of 8.5 to 9.5, in the case of unsadved film seeding rate of more than 95%.
on June 26 of that year, the average plant was 62.4 cm high and the average leaf count was 6 leaves and 1 core.
" after 8 years in Heilongjiang Province and more than 30 test points inside and outside the test species, a preliminary summary of a set of anti-salt corn cultivation suitable for biotechnology improved salt-alkali integrated technology system.
" Wang Jun told reporters that the current cultivation of anti-salt corn varieties are being tested in Jilin Province.
large-scale development and utilization of supporting reporters learned that from the current domestic means of improvement, there are mainly large water washing alkali, pressure alkali salt-alkali rice methods and a large number of chemical materials such as desulfurization gypsum chemical improvement methods, as well as the burial of dark pipes and other engineering measures and a large number of organic fertilizer and other methods.
In Wang Jun's view, although the above method has achieved some results, but in general, due to the high cost of transformation, large amount of materials put in, degradation of the improvement effect and other issues, has been unable to achieve sustainable, large-scale development and utilization of saline resources.
is believed to be biologically-based biotechnology in the northern salt-alkali regions of the united States.
It is understood that from the beginning of the autumn of 2010 to date, new varieties of salt-alkali corn through Hainan Island's southern breeding base and Heilongjiang Province Daqing, Taikang, Anda, Shuangcheng and other places lasted seven years, through hybridization, breeding, purification, recovery and other work, has initially cultivated dozens of suitable for different thermostats of the species materials, most of which show strong anti-salt alkali capacity and good agronomy.
in fact, large-scale improvement of saline land can not be separated from a large number of low-cost improved materials, the cultivation of anti-salt-alkali corn also need to develop a set of suitable for saline land improvement "series of special fertilizer."
Wang Jun introduced, the northern salt-alkali land using the local grain processing processing process will produce a huge amount of difficult to deal with strong acidic waste residue, the development of a series of fertilizer testing and new products.
" According to the current test results, the use of these waste liquid development of 'salt-alkali land fertilizer' combined with anti-salt-alkali corn cultivation to scale up the improvement of saline-alkali land effect is good, low cost, environment-friendly, waste-friendly, has a great development and application value, for large-scale transformation of saline land to provide hundreds of thousands of tons of agricultural capital protection.
, " said Wang Jun.
The research of the salt-alkali land in the north found that the "sustainable development and utilization industry of saline-alkali land" under the idea of bio-technological improvement of saline-alkali land should be composed of "salt-alkali land corn cultivation industry", "salt-alkali wasteland transformation industry" and "salt-alkali land transformation support industry".
Wang Jun to the salt-alkali corn cultivation industry as an example, will add tens of billions of pounds of corn and huge amounts of high-sugar straw, become "salt-alkali land cultivation industry, animal husbandry and biomass energy industry" an important support.
" If the anti-salt corn in Daqing oil field and surrounding areas of large-scale large-scale cultivation of saline land, to promote Daqing and its surrounding animal husbandry, biomass energy industry and grain deep processing industry is of great significance, or can become Daqing city transformation, industrial adjustment and upgrading of the supplement, perfection and new opportunities.
, " said Wang Jun.
however, for the northern saline institute, the use of biotechnology for the large-scale development and utilization of saline, in addition to a stable "salt-alkali corn production" "salt-alkali land fertilizer" as a material guarantee, but also need a series of related research and development and production, breeding, breeding, processing industry chain to cooperate and promote.
.