Animal models constitute an indispensable tool to investigate human pathology. Here we describe the procedure to induce permanentand transient cerebral ischemia in the mouse and the rat. The model of transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA)is performed by the insertion of an occlusive filament until the origin of the MCA while the permanent occlusion describedin the mice is performed by a distal electrocoagulation of the MCA. Those models allow evaluating the efficiency of therapeuticstrategy of ischemia from tissular aspect to behavioral and cognitive impairment assessment. They were widely used in theliterature to evaluate the efficiency of different drugs including the cytokines and especially erythropoietin (EPO) or itsderivatives.
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