Can cervical cancer be eliminated by humans?

Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women worldwide

As early as 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) called on the world to take joint action to eliminate cervical cancer, and formulated triple intervention measures and its 2030 goal: human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage rate reached 90%; 70 % Of women receive at least two screenings in their lives (35/45 years old); 90% of women diagnosed with cervical cancer get the treatment they need

At the same time, more and more studies have shown that if the strategy recommended by the WHO can be implemented, humans are likely to eliminate cervical cancer in the future

Researchers analyzed the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 31 countries in the past 10 years, and predicted the incidence and mortality trends of cervical cancer in the next 15 years

Statistics show that in the last 10 years, the incidence of cervical cancer has remained stable in 12 countries, decreased in 14 countries, and increased in 5 countries.

The forecast of morbidity and mortality trends in the next 15 years involves a total of 27 countries

After adjusting for other factors, the researchers found that the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer remained stable and declining, and the countries that continued to develop toward this trend tended to be countries with high human development indexes, especially those that implemented effective cervical cancer screenings.

Researchers pointed out that cervical cancer is a potentially preventable disease.

Persistent HPV infection is the main cause of cervical cancer, among which HPV16 and HPV18 are the causes of 71% of cervical cancers in the world

The screening of cervical cancer helps to find early lesions or benign tumors, so as to treat them as soon as possible to reduce the risk of deterioration and death

The researchers suggested that “effective cervical cancer screening programs and HPV vaccination should be further popularized to increase its coverage and ultimately reduce the short-term, mid-term and long-term burden of cervical cancer

According to the HPV vaccine guidelines formulated by the Immunology Group of the Pediatric Branch of the Shanghai Medical Association:

For the bivalent HPV vaccine, the vaccinated population and applicable age are females, 9 to 26 years old

For the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, the vaccinated population and applicable age are women, 20 to 45 years old

Nine-valent HPV vaccine, the vaccinated population and applicable age are females, 9 to 26 years old

The three vaccination methods are similar, all are intramuscular injection, and the first choice is the deltoid muscle of the upper arm, 0.

Regarding the screening and treatment of cervical cancer, the WHO has also recently released the latest guidelines for the screening and treatment of cervical precancerous lesions to promote the optimization of diagnostic tools and screening options, promote cervical cancer prevention and save more lives

This update of the guidelines includes 23 recommendations and 7 good practice statements for screening, of which 12 recommendations and 4 management practices apply to all women in general
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Among the key points of this update, it is particularly noteworthy that the WHO recommended screening method has an important change, that is, HPV DNA testing is recommended as the preferred screening method
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Reference

[1] Shujuan Lin, et al.
,(2021).
Worldwide trends in cervical cancer incidence and mortality, with predictions for the next 15 years.
The Journal of Nutrition, DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
1002/cncr.
33795.

[2] Cervical cancer rates stable or trending down in countries with effective screening measures.
Retrieved Aug 12 ,2021,from https://medicalxpress.
com/news/2021-08-cervical-cancer-stable-trending-countries.
html

[3] Cervical Cancer Screening Tied to Stable or Declining Incidence, Mortality.
Retrieved Aug 12 ,2021,from https:// The Immunology Group of the Pediatrics Branch of the Shanghai Medical Association.
Guidelines for adolescent vaccination against human papillomavirus (Shanghai)