Cancer Immunotherapy 12 Dry Goods Pictures . . . Nature Jumbo

At Christmas, we don't allow our Yi (Shi) To read (Fu) to receive gifts, with 12 pictures of dry goods related to cancer immunotherapyFigure 1: Anti-tumor biology of t-cells Picture: NatRevCancer Figure 1 illustrates the anti-tumor function of the t-cells and its regulatory mechanismsT-cells directly identify tumor cells through T-cell receptors (TCR) and natural killer cell receptors (NKRs) and regulate tumor cell killer through a variety of mechanisms, including antibody-dependent cytotoxicaction, IFN-productionThe anti-tumor characteristics of the t-cell are mainly enhanced by IL-15, IL-2, IL-18 and IL-21, but epigenetic drugs or molecular factors in the tumor microenvironment can damage the lethality of the xenon T cellFigure 2: Immunological therapy for childhood cancer Picture: NatRevCancer 2 summarizes the various immunotherapy pathways currently being tested for childhood cancerMost childhood tumors are considered "cold tumors" (top right), and cell therapy (bottom right), including CAR-T cell therapy, is being explored as a potential option for immunotherapy for childhood cancerThe left image describes "hot tumors" and the mechanismby by which immunocheckpoint inhibitors enhance the anti-tumor activity of T cells at the tumor siteFigure 3: Metabolism in the tumor microenvironment Picture: NatRevClinOncolFigure 3 shows the metabolic pathways that are active in the tumor microenvironment and the effects of these pathways against tumor immunityTumor cells form a microenvironment of tumors that lack glucose but is rich in lactic acid, which impairs T-cell function and anti-tumor immune response Competition between T-cells and tumor cells for amino acids also inhibits anti-tumor immunity In tumor microenvironments, competition from tumor cells also affects the fatty acid availability of T cells Tumor cells and other metabolites produced by immunomodulating cells (e.g adenosine, prostaglandin E2) are also involved in the inhibition of T-cell-mediated antitumor responses Figure 4: Oncology-Immune Classification Image Source: Nat Rev Disco Drugv Depending on the presence and distribution of T cells, tumors can be divided into four main subtypes: hot, altered-excluded, altered-immunosuppressed and cold Figure 4 provides an overview of the main components, pathways and characteristics (green) of the identified immunogram, as well as potential targets (blue) that may represent the most successful treatment options developed Lowercase "i" refers to inhibitors, lowercase "a" refers to agonists Figure (5): Glioblastoma Immunotherapy Picture: Nat Rev Clin Oncol Figure 5 provides an overview of the different immunotherapy models currently being developed to treat glioblastoma, including vaccine therapy that relies on glioblastoma-related antigens mediated by dendritic cells (Dc), immunology point blocking antibody drugs, CAR-T cell therapy targeting tumor-related antigens, and somoviruses that selectively replicate and induce anti-tumor immunity in tumor cells Figure (6): Tumor immunothtype tool Picture: Nat Rev Genet Figure 6 shows a variety of resources that can be used to investigate molecular information (gene expression spectrum, DNA methylation spectrum, or immunohistochemical) and computational tools Figure (7): Co-treatment basic targetS Picture: Nat Rev Clin Oncol Figure 7 illustrates the potential of combination therapy in preventing access to anti-cancer immunotherapy resistance Potential synergies include iniimmune cell activation and T-cell activation (a), immunosuppression (b) that relieves tumor microenvironment induction, and effect function supporting immune cells in tumor microenvironments (c) Figure (8): T-cell reactions in bladder cancer Picture: Nat Rev Disease Primers (8) Figure 8 represents the interaction of T cells in bladder cancer with multiple ligand-receptors between antigen presentation or tumor cells This ligand-receptor interaction regulates the Response of T-cells to progenitors and represents potential immunotherapy targets that enhance T-cell responses and promote immune system-mediated cancer cell killing Figure (9): Biomaterials for targeting cancer immunotherapy Picture: Nat Rev Disco Drugv A number of biological materials and methods are being explored for partial delivery of cancer immunotherapy On the left side of Figure 9, the mesoporous silica rod sits spontaneously in the body and recruits host cells; in the middle of Figure 9, a microneedle-based transdermal technology platform is loaded with a self-assembled immunotherapy nanocarrier; and figure 9 shows subcutaneous delivery porous Biomaterial stents, which release a chemical lure, recruit naive dendritic cells (DCs) into its voids, resulting in an increase in the presentation of peptides on the main tissue compatibility complex (MHC) - peptide complex Figure (10): Obstacles to cancer fibroid virus therapy Picture: Nat Rev Disco Drugv Figure 10 describes the barriers to limiting the clinical benefits of the tumor virus (light blue) In order to optimize the treatment response, bioengineering, molecular and immunology methods (dark blue) should be used to achieve the following objectives: 1) to avoid viral vectors from being neutralized by antibodies, 2) to increase tumor absorption of tumor virus by avoiding cell types other than tumor cells, to increase the spread of tumor syllas, 3) to increase the spread of tumors by regulating extracellular matrix (ECM), and 4) to enrich T-cells to respond to tumor antigens Figure (11): Identification of new antigens for cancer Picture: Nat Rev Genet Figure 11 (a) describes the process by which neoantigen originated in a mutation protein expressed by cancer cells and is shown on the surface of the antigen presentation cell to be identified by the T-cell receptor (TCRs) of the CD8 plus T cell; Figure (12): CAR-T Cell Therapy Picture: Nat Overview of CAR-T cell therapy is provided by Photo 12 of Immunology CAR-T cell therapy is the separation of T cells from the patient's peripheral blood and the insertion of genes encoded in the tinset antigen receptor (CAR) into the T-cell genome using viral or non-viral vectors The CAR-T cells then expand in vitro and are then re-delivered back to the patient CAR expressed on the surface of CAR-T cells recognizes an antigen expressed on the surface of the tumor cell, and then activates the CAR-T cell to act as a killer tumor cell Write at the last Cancer-Betatherapy-2020-Calendar cover chart The image above shows the adaptive ness of the tumor immune environment and the various types of immune cells of the innate immune system The following diagram shows the continuous steps of the cancer immune cycle: antigen generation , dendritic cells presenting antigens to T cells , initiating and activating the effects of T-cell reactions against cancer-specific antigens , T cells entering the tumor site , identifying and killing cancer cells ( Picture: Nat Rev Genet The above 12 images are from the Cancer-Betatherapy-2020-Calendar released by Cancer Reviews Clinicaly, where Nature's editors also mark cancer-related anniversaries and important meetings in 2020, as follows: World Cancer Day , February 4 Cancer Day) - International Children's Cancer Day, 15 February - World Health Day, 7 April - April 24-29, AACR Annual Meeting - 29 April, World Immunology Day - 8 May, World Ovarian Cancer Day Day) - World Blood Cancer Day, 28 May - 29 May - 2 June, ASCO Annual Meeting - 8 June, World Brain Tumour Day - 14-17 September, International Conference on Cancer Immunotherapy Munotheconference Conference) - September 18-22, ESMO Annual Meeting - November 10-14, Annual Meeting of the Society for Cancer Immunotherapy (SITC) - World Pancreatic Cancer Day Backstage Response Immunotherapy downloads the full calendar on November 21 Finally, I wish all readers a happy holiday, 2020, all the best Related papers: S1 Silva-Santos, B et al T cells: pleio vistropice effectors with therapeutic potentialin cancer Nat Rev Cancer 19, 392-404 (2019) Jones, D T W et al Molecular specials and therapeutics across the paediatric solid sydd Nat Rev Cancer 19, 420-438 (2019) Li, X et al Navigating saiques to enhance anti-anti-antaui and mmunity eithrapy Nat Rev Clin Oncol 16, 425–441 (2019) Galon, J and Bruni , D Approachesto immune hot, led and colds with combination immunoapies Nat Rev Drug Discov 18, 197–218 (2019) Lim, M et al Current State of the immunotherapy for glioblastoma Nat Rev Clin Oncol 15, 422–442 (2018) Hackl, H et al Saifis genomics tools for dissecting ing sydd-immunecell interactions Nat Rev Genet 17, 441–458 (2016) O'Donnell, J S et al Cancer immunoediting and resistance to T cell-based-betatherapy Nat Rev Clin Oncol 16, 151–167 (2019) Sanli, O et al Bladder cancer Nat Rev Disease Primers 3, 17022 (2017) Riley, R S., June, C H., Langer, R Mitchell , M J Delivery technologies for cancer cancer immunotherapy Nat.Rev Drug Discov 18, 175–196 (2019) Harrington, K et al Hub oncolytic virotherapy in cancer treatment Nat Rev Drug Discov 18, 689–706 (2019) Feigal, E G et al At the end of the the beginning: immunoapies as living drugs Nat Immunology 20, 955-962 (2019) Related: 1-Cancer-E-Beta-2020-Calendar (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology) 2?35th Anniversary Annual Meeting and SITC-Program Conferences (SITC 2020) Source: Society for Immunotherapy Of Cancer 3?2020 International Cancer Oncology (Source: ASCO Annual Meeting)