Cao Xuetao proposed a new mechanism for the surface regulation of antiviral natural immunity

August 29th, a paper by Cao Xuetao, president of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, was published, reporting on the results of the study that RNA anti-lysase DDX46 can lead to the retention of the antiviral molecule mRNA nucleus through RNA demethylation modification, which in turn inhibits the natural immune response of antivirals.
interferon plays a key role in the body's natural immune response to antivirals. In the course of viral infection, the amount and duration of interferon production are precisely regulated to ensure that the body can eliminate the invasive virus while avoiding pathological autoimmune damage. At present, the molecular mechanism of interferon expression is mainly focused on natural immune signaling pathline protein molecules, and the mechanism of regulating interferon expression in the way of RNA modification in the nucleus of cells is not clear.
Cao Xuetao, a postdoctoral fellow at the Foundation institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Hou Jin, a professor at the National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology at the Second Military Medical University, jointly identified the role of DDX46 in RNA identification and metabolism of members of the DEAD-box anti-spinase (DDX) family and its important role in regulating the natural immune response to antivirals.
studies have shown that DDX46 can bind to the CCGGUU conservative sequence of antiviral molecule mRNA, and that DDX46 binds to m6A demethylase ALKBH5 when the virus is infected, resulting in an increase in the The antiviral effect molecule mRNA combined with DDX46 is de-methylated and modified to cause its nuclear retention, blocking the protein expression of these antiviral effect molecules and thus reducing interferon production, which ultimately inhibits the natural antiviral immune response.
This study reveals that RNA anti-spinase DDX46 is involved in regulating the natural immune response of antivirals through RNA modification in the nucleus, and proposes a new natural immune and inflammatory regulatory mechanism, which provides new potential targets and ideas for the prevention and treatment of viral infections and inflammatory diseases