Cell Stem Cell, a scholar from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, released a specially invited review of "Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Immune Response Interaction"

On November 3, 2022, Cell Stem Cell, an internationally renowned stem cell academic journal, published an invited review written online by researcher Wang Ying and Professor Shi Yufang of the Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences “Reciprocal Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Responses”
。 Focusing on the core issues of the interaction between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and immune response in organ injury repair and regeneration, this paper systematically expounds the heterogeneity characteristics and formation mechanism of MSCs, and summarizes and analyzes MSCs In response to the inflammatory microenvironment signals, by immunomodulatory molecules, growth factors, metabolites, cell contact, etc.
, to reshape immune homeostasis, promote damage repair and tissue regeneration of a new mechanism, put forward a personalized and standardized application scheme of MSCs, which provides new ideas
for basic research and clinical application of stem cells.

MSCs are widely present in all types of tissues and organs in the body and are an important basis for the maintenance of
tissue homeostasis.
Its discovery began in the bone marrow, which not only has the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes, but also plays an important role
in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases, organ damage, autoimmune diseases and other diseases because of its immunomodulatory properties.
The discovery of the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs began in 1998, and its successful application in clinical trials of refractory graft-versus-host disease (2004) opened a new journey in the study and clinical application of MSCs immunomodulatory function
。 Professor Shi Yufang's previous research revealed that the inhibitory effect of MSCs on activated T cells depends on the stimulation of specific inflammatory factors (Cell Stem Cell, 2008), laying the ground Basis for the study of
the interaction between MSCs and immune responses.
By considering the dynamic changes of inflammatory factors or cells in the immune microenvironment of different disease tissues, researcher Wang Ying and Professor Shi Yufang collaborated to discover and propose the core law that inflammation determines the immunomodulatory plasticity of MSCs (Nature Immunology, 2014), and according to it The characteristics of MSCs to remodel immune homeostasis and mobilize endogenous regenerative repair have proposed the "cell empowerment" model of MSCs for the treatment of diseases (Nature).
Immunology, 2014）； In addition, in 2017, he was invited to write a review in Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, emphasizing the role and mechanism of MSCs in shaping and regulating the tumor immune microenvironment, as well as targeting and utilization the potential of MSCs in anti-tumor therapy; In 2018, he was invited to write a review in Nature Reviews Nephrology, focusing on the key links and paths
of clinical transformation and application of MSCs under the regulation of organizational microenvironment.
This year, he was invited by the editor-in-chief of Cell Stem Cell to summarize and look forward to the new progress of heterogeneity and immunomodulatory characteristics of MSCs, and analyzed the bottleneck problem of the current clinical application of MSCs to MSCs Based on the interaction with immunity, a new direction
of clinical practice is proposed.

Prof.
Ying Wang is the first author of this review, Prof.
Yufang Shi is the corresponding author, PhD student Benming Liu from the Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dr.
Jiankai Fang and Prof.
Changshun Shao from Soochow University are co-authors
.
The relevant research has been jointly funded
by the National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Strategic Pilot Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

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Note: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) immunomodulatory plasticity and their application potential
in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.