China's national soybean variety "Medium Yellow 13": 1.025 Gb genome sequence.

The Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in conjunction with the China University of Science and Technology, the Institute of Seed Resources and Biotechnology of jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing Berry and Kang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., assembled the genomes of the Chinese soybean variety "Gmax_ZH13" (Gmax_ZH13) from scratch, resulting in a genome sequence of 1.025 Gb, comprising 20 chromosomes and 1 leafy green.
the results were recently published online in the form of a cover article in Science China - Life Sciences.
soybeanoriginat originated in China, the ancient name "yu", was domesticated by its wild species about 5,000 years ago, and then spread widely around the world.
soybeans have a genetic bottleneck effect in the process of introduction and improvement, which makes significant genetic variation among soybean varieties from different main producing areas.
the soybean reference genome, which is widely used today, is derived from the American variety "Williams 82".
the genome of this single species does not fully represent the genetic variation of all soybeans, especially Asian species with significant genetic variations at a distance from the United States geographical distance.
in addition, the functional study found that there were many assembly errors in the genome, which affected the location mining of functional genes.
team used a combination of single-molecule real-time sequencing, single-molecule optical mapping and high-throughput chromosomal conformation capture technology to analyze the "mid-yellow 13" genome Contig N50 for 3.46 Mb, Scaffold N50 for 51.87 Mb, is one of the best continuous plant genomes.
further analysis, there are a number of genetic variations between the Gmax_ZH13 and Williams 82 genomes, including 1404 translocation events, 161 inverted events, 1233 inverted translocation events, and 505,506 small inserts/missings and 17,409 large insertions/missings that occur in the Gmax_ZH13.
the study integrates a large number of transcription group data to build a complete gene-co-expression network for Gmax_ZH13 gene annotation genes, obtain s26 genes that may control soybean flowering time, and use the association of natural population genetic variation and phenotype differences to verify some of these genes, providing a new way of thinking for the excavation of important agronomic traits. The publication of
Gmax_ZH13 genome provides an important resource for soybean basic research and lays the foundation for the cultivation of excellent soybean varieties in China.
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