Chinese scholar Cell deciphers the genetic history of the population at the intersection of East Asia and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years

On June 24, 2021, the team of Fu Qiaomei from Institute of Ancient Spine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher Ji Xueping, Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Professor Wang Wei of Shandong University, Guangxi Institute of Cultural Relic Conservation and Archaeology, researcher Xie Guangmao and Researcher Li Zhen, Pingtan Researcher Fan Xuechun of the International Austronesian Language Research Institute co-led, Northwest University, Fujian Longyan City Museum, Peking University, Sun Yat-sen University, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and other units participated in the nuclear genome research results "Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia Since 11,000 years ago" was published online in Cell magazine

Previously, genome studies of ancient humans in Southeast Asia and southern China showed that the early populations of the two places had very different genetic histories

Fu Qiaomei’s team used ancient nuclear genome capture technology to overcome the difficulty of poor preservation of ancient DNA due to the hot and humid environment in the south of East Asia, and successfully captured 30 cases (15 sites) from 170 human bones or fossils (30 sites) in Guangxi ) The ancient human genome from 10,686-294 years ago, and a case of the ancient human genome from Fujian 11,747 years ago (Figure 1)

1.

The study's paleogenomic analysis of the ancient Longlin individuals (Longlin) in Guangxi, about 11,000 years ago, found that although previous archaeological studies were based on Longlin’s skulls showing the characteristics of a mixture of ancient humans and early modern humans, it is believed that she It may be a mixed offspring of the two, but paleogenomic studies have shown that she is already a modern human in the genetic sense, and the content of Neanderthals or Denisovans in her genome is not higher than that of other modern humans

2.

This study also carried out an analysis of the ancient genomes of the population 9,000-6,400 years ago in the region, and the results showed that the Dushan people about 9,000 years ago showed the related ancient East Asian populations represented by the Longlin people and Qihedong as an example.

Previous paleogenomic evidence shows that the spread and influence of the population from southern China to Southeast Asia can be traced back to the agricultural population of Southeast Asia 4,000 years ago.

3.

The study conducted an analysis of the genomes of ancient populations in the region about 1,500-500 years ago (historical period), and found that the populations of this period in Guangxi are similar to the ancient populations of prehistoric people (including Guangxi Longlin people, Duo people) 6,000 years ago.

In general, the study first revealed the diversity of Asian populations 11,000 years ago.

The corresponding authors of the Cell article are researcher Fu Qiaomei of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher Ji Xueping of the Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, and the former postdoctoral fellow of the Institute of Paleospine of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Cell article link: https://doi.

JGG article link: https://doi.