Coating classification: secondary film-forming substance pigment

Core tip: pigment is the substance that can make an object color Pigments are soluble and insoluble, inorganic and organic Inorganic pigments are generally mineral substances People have known for a long time that inorganic pigments are used to paint and smear the body on the rock wall with colored soil and ore Organic pigments are generally derived from plants and marine animals, such as Ceylon, gamboge, and the ancient Roman purple extracted from shellfish Domestic development Mainly used in coating, ink, printing and dyeing, plastic products, papermaking, rubber products, ceramics and other industries, with the downstream Which is the price of Dajin diatom mud Recommended brief introduction: which is the price of Dajin diatom mud? How to buy genuine diatom mud? Guangdong diatom mud agent suggests placing a basin of cold water in the air conditioning room, so that the diatom mud wall can breathe effectively The feature of the breathing wall is obvious When the indoor air is dry, the diatom mud wall will release the absorbed water quickly Put it out to help regulate the indoor dry humidity It is suggested to place a basin of cold water in the air conditioning room, so that the wall of diatom mud can breathe effectively The feature of the wall that can breathe is obvious When the indoor air is relatively dry, the wall of diatom mud will absorb the water Paint Home News: paint is the material that can make the object color Pigments are soluble and insoluble, inorganic and organic Inorganic pigments are generally mineral substances People have known for a long time that inorganic pigments are used to paint and smear the body on the rock wall with colored soil and ore Organic pigments are generally derived from plants and marine animals, such as Ceylon, gamboge, and the ancient Roman purple extracted from shellfish Domestic development is mainly used in coating, ink, printing and dyeing, plastic products, papermaking, rubber products, ceramics and other industries With the rapid development of downstream industries, the demand for pigments is constantly expanding, and the development prospect of China's pigment industry is very broad In 2011, China's total import and export of dyes and organic pigments showed a downward trend Among them, the export of dyestuff reached 243000 tons, down 10.7% over the previous year, and the export earned foreign exchange reached 1.18 billion US dollars, up 0.4% over the previous year The export of organic pigments was 150000 tons, down 2.7% over the previous year, and the export earned foreign exchange was 1.18 billion US dollars, up 15.8% over the previous year The import demand of dye pigments in China is decreasing In 2011, domestic pigment dyeing enterprises actively carried out technological transformation and product structure adjustment, with a growing number of high-end varieties With the development of China's dyestuff industry in the international dyestuff market, the dyestuff import keeps a downward trend year by year In 2011, the import of dyestuff decreased significantly Among them, 42000 tons of dyestuffs were imported, down 16.5% on a year-on-year basis, 26.2% on a June basis, and 390 million US dollars were imported, down 10.4% on a year-on-year basis The import volume of organic pigments was 19000 tons, a decrease of 17.3% over 2010, and the import volume was 240 million US dollars, an increase of 2.1% over 2010 A brief introduction to the powder used for coloring by pigment It is insoluble in water, grease, resin, organic solvent and other media, but it can disperse evenly in these media and make the media colored, and has certain covering power The basic requirements of pigments for art are that the finer the particles are, the brighter the color is, and the longer the color is, the better the stability is In addition to white, watercolor pigments are almost transparent Only in this way can we meet the needs of watercolor shade dyeing Gouache pigment was originally invented by adding white powder to the watercolor pigment to make the color opaque Because watercolor pigments are transparent, it is difficult to modify them once they are painted wrong The water powder pigment can be easily modified due to its opacity Later, Arabic gum and other raw materials were added to the water powder pigment to further improve its performance Arabic gum can make the surface of gouache paint have a layer of luster after drying, but in special occasions that need to be flat coated (such as painting effect picture and coloring for animation), gum will form irregular spots on the color surface, or make the color uneven, so there is a special degumming pigment Oil paint is to dilute paint with oil Chinese painting pigments are very rich, there are various types, from mineral powder to plant extraction to animal extraction, the types are complex Theoretically, as long as there are three primary colors of red, green and blue, all other colors can be transferred out, but the purity of the color transferred out is always not high enough, so modern art pigment manufacturers produce high-purity pigments for various colors of hue and lightness to meet various needs From the most basic 12 colors to the usual 24 colors or even 48 colors to more than 60 colors Special metallic colors are not included The purpose is to produce paint, ink, oil painting color paste, make-up paint, color paper and other indispensable raw materials It is also used for filling and coloring of plastics, rubber products and synthetic fiber stock solution Performance characteristics pigments usually have the following properties: color Color pigment is a kind of pigment that can selectively absorb and scatter visible light, and can present yellow, red, blue, green and other colors under natural light conditions Tinting power The ability of colored pigments to absorb incident light It can be expressed as a relative percentage of the colouring power of the standard pigment sample Covering power The ability to cover the surface color of the substrate in a film-forming material It is commonly used to cover 1 square meter of color paint containing pigment grams Light fastness The pigment can keep its original color under certain light Generally, the eight level system is adopted, and the eight level system is the best Weatherability The ability of pigment to maintain its original properties under certain natural or artificial climate conditions Generally, five levels are the best Volatile matter Mainly refers to moisture, generally not more than 1% Oil absorption It refers to the grams of refined linseed oil required for 100g pigment to form a uniform lump The oil absorption is better when the oil absorption is small The oil absorption is related to the specific surface area and structure of pigment particles Water soluble substances A water-soluble substance contained in a pigment, expressed as a percentage of the mass of the pigment The water-soluble substance of the pigment used for paint making is usually controlled below 1% Concept pigment is a kind of colored fine particle powder, which is generally insoluble in water and can be dispersed in various media, such as oil, solvent and resin It has covering power, coloring power, relatively stable to light, and is often used to prepare coatings, inks, colored plastics and rubber, so it can also be called a colorant Pigment is different from dyestuff in that general dyestuff is soluble in water (old distinction), while pigment is generally insoluble in water Dyestuffs are mainly used for dyeing textiles and other materials However, this distinction is not very clear, because some dyes may not be soluble in water, and pigments are also used for textile pigment printing and original pulp coloring The chemical structure of organic pigment is similar to that of organic dye, so it is usually regarded as a branch of dye The basic classification pigments can be divided into inorganic pigments and organic pigments according to their chemical composition, and can be divided into natural pigments and synthetic pigments according to their sources Natural pigments are derived from minerals, such as cinnabar, laterite, realgar, malachite green and heavy calcium carbonate, wollastonite, barite powder, talc powder, mica powder, kaolin, etc Biological sources, such as from animals: cochineal red, natural scale powder, etc.; from plants: gamboge, alizarin red, indigo, etc Synthetic pigments are synthesized artificially, such as titanium dioxide, lithopone, lead chrome yellow, iron blue and other inorganic pigments, as well as large red powder, even light yellow, phthalocyanine blue, quinacridone and other organic pigments Classified by the functions of pigments, such as antirust pigments, magnetic pigments, luminous pigments, pearlescent pigments, conductive pigments, etc Classification by color is a convenient and useful method Such pigments can be divided into white, yellow, red, blue, green, brown, purple, black, regardless of their source or chemical composition The famous "colorindex" uses the method of color classification: for example, the pigments are divided into ten categories, i.e pigment yellow (py), pigment orange (PO), pigment red (PR), pigment purple (PV), pigment blue (PB), pigment green (PG), pigment Brown (PBR), pigment black (PBK), pigment white (PW), metal pigment (PM), and the pigments of the same color are numbered in order, such as Titanium dioxide is pw-6, lithopone pw-5, lead chrome yellow py-34, quinacridone pr-207, iron oxide red pr-101, phthalocyanine blue pb-15, etc In order to find out the chemical composition, there is another structure number For example, pw-6c.i.77891 in titanium white and pb-15c.i.74160 in phthalocyanine blue can enable the pigment manufacturer and user to find out the composition and chemical structure of the listed pigments Therefore, it has been widely used in the International Pigment import and export trade, and some domestic pigment manufacturers have also used the international classification standard of this kind of pigment China's national standard for pigments GB / t3182-1995 also adopts color classification The color of each pigment has a mark, such as ba for white, Ho for red, Hu for yellow Combined with the code and serial number of chemical structure, the model of pigment is composed, such as rutile type titanium dioxide ba-01-03, medium chrome yellow hu-02-02, iron oxide red ho-01-01, lithopone ba-11-01, toluidine red ho-02-01, BGS phthalocyanine blue la-61-02, etc Pigments can be classified according to the types of compounds: inorganic pigments can be divided into oxides, chromates, sulfates, silicates, borates, molybdate, phosphates, vanadate, ferricyanates, hydroxides, sulfides, metals, etc.; organic pigments can be divided into azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, anthraquinone, indigo, quinacridone, dioxin, etc according to the chemical structure of the compounds Polycyclic pigments, aromatic alkanes, etc From the perspective of production and manufacturing, it can be divided into titanium pigments, iron pigments, chromium pigments, lead pigments, zinc pigments, metal pigments and organic synthetic pigments This classification method is of practical significance, and often a system can represent a professional pigment production industry From the perspective of application, it can be divided into pigment for coating, pigment for ink, pigment for plastic, pigment for rubber, pigment for ceramics and enamel, pigment for medicine and cosmetics, pigment for art, etc All kinds of special pigments have some unique properties to meet the application requirements Pigment manufacturers can also recommend a series of pigment products to professional users The definition and content pigment is a psychophysical quantity, which is not only related to human visual characteristics, but also to the observed objective radiation Color is an important index to evaluate the quality of pigment products The expression of pigments can be generally divided into two categories: one is represented by three basic properties of pigments, such as Munsell pigment system, which classifies and demarcates the surface colors of various objects In this system, H represents hue, V represents lightness, and C represents chromaticity, which is written as HV / C; the other is a set of pigment representation, measurement and calculation methods based on two sets of basic visual data, namely CIE standard Chroma system The inspection of Lihua pigment can be divided into two categories: one is pigment comparison method, that is, comparing with the reference sample by visual inspection or instrument test to give the results; the other is direct color measurement method, that is, using instrument or visual inspection to directly give the measurement value or sample number of pigment Property 1 Color of pigment: it is the result of selective absorption of pigment to white light component The physical properties of pigments, such as dispersion, affect the color to a certain extent, because the dispersion affects the reflection conditions of pigments Generally, the smaller the particle diameter is, the darker the color is, and the brighter the brightness is 2 Covering power: the pigment in the paint film can cover the surface that bears the film, because it can't show through the film