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| Dietary fatty acids will accelerate tumor metastasis |
A study recently published by Nature found that exposure to a dietary fatty acid contained in high concentrations of palm oil promotes the metastasis of oral cancer and skin cancer cells in mice
.
Fatty acid intake and metabolic changes have always been thought to be related to cancer cell metastasis
.
Cancer cell metastasis refers to the process by which cancer cells spread to other parts of the body
In this latest study, Salvador Benitah and colleagues of the Institute of Science and Technology in Barcelona, Spain, first exposed human oral cancer and skin cancer cells to three dietary fatty acids-palmitic acid (the main saturated fatty acid in palm oil), Either oleic acid or linoleic acid-the exposure time is 4 days, and then these cells are transplanted into the corresponding tissues of mice fed a standard diet
.
The results of the study showed that although all the fatty acids in the study had no effect on tumorigenesis, palmitic acid significantly increased the invasiveness and size of existing metastases
.
The researchers did not observe such significant effects in oleic acid or linoleic acid
The metastatic cancer cells also retain the "memory" of exposure to high concentrations of palmitic acid
.
For example, tumors from mice fed a diet rich in palm oil for only 10 days, or tumor cells that were briefly exposed to palmitic acid for 4 days in the laboratory (and then put back into normal medium), even if transplanted to a normal diet In mice, it still has a high degree of metastasis
This process is related to epigenetic changes in metastatic cancer cells-this change refers to molecular modifications that change gene expression patterns without changing the DNA itself, which is thought to mediate long-term stimulation of metastasis
.
The researchers concluded that the results of the study may help find new cancer treatments
.
(Source: China Science News Zhao Xixi)
Related paper information: https://doi.
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41586-021-04075-0
