Drug residues raise the safety alarm of milk source and potential crisis of milk safety

Introduction: "a food safety accident of abominable dairy products can destroy an enterprise and affect the development of the whole industry The current key factor of China's dairy industry safety problem is the safety of milk sources." Professor Qiao Guanghua, vice president of the school of economics and management of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, said in an interview that China's dairy industry must meet higher quality and safety standards in terms of food safety The residual of excessive drugs has sounded the alarm of milk source safety "The serious residual of drugs has sounded the alarm of milk source safety in China, especially the residual of antibiotics and other drugs, has become one of the main problems of milk safety." Qiao Guanghua has done a survey At present, the prevalence of mastitis in dairy cows is about 30% The main drugs used are penicillin, streptomycin and other antibiotics Even within 3-4 days after the cure, antibiotics will remain in the body of dairy cows and migrate to the breast and milk For a long time, the resistance of dairy cows to antibiotics has become stronger and stronger, the curative effect has become worse and worse, the dosage used has become larger and larger, and the antibiotics remaining in dairy cows and milk have become more and more concentrated Related experiments show that antibiotics are generally stable to heat, and milk sterilization can not eliminate antibiotic residues Therefore, after raw milk containing antibiotics is processed into milk products such as sterilized milk, there are still some antibiotic residues "At present, most of the dairy farmers are decentralized and often still feed milk to the milk company during the period when the cow is ill and taking medicine If the detection system cannot be found in time and corresponding measures are taken, the antibiotic problem of milk will naturally form." Qiao Guanghua said He pointed out that most of the domestic enterprises now use the way of "company + farmer" to organize the production of raw milk The relationship between the company and the farmer is relatively loose, and the investment risk of the cow is borne by the farmer The biggest problem of this way of operation is that it is difficult for the farmer to avoid speculation, and it is difficult to monitor and control the irregular behavior of the farmer driven by the short-term interests "Due to the information asymmetry, it is difficult for the dairy station or dairy enterprise to find the problem of cow or milk in time, and it is impossible to carry out a comprehensive test on every cow of every farmer." Qiao Guanghua is worried that this kind of testing is basically a kind of after the fact quality control, unable to ensure the quality and safety of raw milk from the source The traditional saying "disease comes from the mouth" also applies to cows Qiao Guanghua believes that the feed safety of dairy cattle is another source of dairy product safety "Green forage and high-quality forage are the basis of cow health, high-quality and high-yield, but there are few special forage planting bases in China, which can not meet the needs of cow development." According to him, grassland degradation and desertification have seriously restricted the supply of commercial forage The farmers who raise dairy cows are still mainly self mixed forage with low quality, and the quantity and quality of full price compound forage do not meet the requirements of production and development In the market competition, some feed production enterprises only make superficial articles, in order to reduce the price and add a large number of low-quality protein feed, which results in poor milk production effect and damages the interests of farmers; some manufacturers add a large number of human pigments, artificial fragrances to feed in order to cater to the immature consumer psychology of users, so that the appearance color of feed is golden and fragrant, while the internal quality is low Poor; there are also dairy users who use drugs and additives banned by the state The above series of phenomena lead to the quality of feed can not be guaranteed, thus affecting the quality of milk In addition, the technical level of dairy farming management is low, which also affects the quality and safety of milk To solve the problem of food safety in China's dairy industry, we need the cooperation of the government, feed and dairy processing enterprises, dairy farmers, consumers and other stakeholders Qiao Guanghua suggested starting from five aspects First of all, the method of "company + dairy community" is adopted and promoted to monitor the whole process of raw milk from three aspects: forage planting, nutrition balance of dairy cows, milking technology, quality control of milk after leaving the cow body, herd breeding and herd health Dairy processing enterprises must follow the way of large-scale feeding, carry out in-depth development and maintenance of milk sources, and truly achieve a complete supply chain management from the head of the field to the dining table It is necessary to change the post inspection of government food safety management into pre participation and post prevention Secondly, rely on science and technology to develop new veterinary Chinese herbal medicine At present, it is difficult to popularize the dairy community in a large area in a short period of time because of the scattered feeding of dairy families Because the side effect of traditional Chinese medicine is small, there is little residue in milk And the harm is small It should be an important measure to solve the problem of milk quality and safety in China Even in the dairy community, in order to reduce the loss of bad milk, Chinese herbal medicine can be used to reduce the cost Herbal medicine has been widely used in developed countries and is gradually becoming a new direction of veterinary medicine development China is the birthplace of Chinese herbal medicine Chinese veterinarians and herbal veterinary medicine have a long history of application It has full conditions and ability to develop herbal veterinary medicine with low cost, good efficacy and small side effects Third, improve the cow detection management procedures and technology It is necessary to formulate strict and specific operation regulations for milk stations, improve testing equipment and improve testing level, so that "milk resistant" can not enter processing enterprises and cannot be sold in the market It is necessary to establish the milk quality responsibility system and product quality traceability system among dairy households, milk stations and processing enterprises, and prevent and control the speculation of illegal dairy households and milk stations Fourth, strengthen the management of feed safety The feed safety of dairy cattle must be raised to a high level The feed industry must strictly implement the relevant national laws and regulations He also stressed that ensuring food safety is an important responsibility of the government The government should strengthen publicity on the issue of "antibiotic milk", let producers and consumers understand the harm of "anti milk", and enhance legal awareness, self-protection and supervision awareness