Enzymatic extraction of traditional Chinese medicine and its preparations

The principle of enzyme extraction is to use the high specificity of enzyme reaction to hydrolyze or degrade the components of cell wall and destroy the cell wall, so as to improve the extraction rate of effective components Enzyme extraction requires high activity, high specificity and mild reaction conditions Enzymes can be used as auxiliary agents in the extraction of plant medicinal ingredients, as activators and depilators in the extraction of animal medicines, as clarifiers in the extraction solution and catalysts for the reuse of drug residues The effect of enzymatic extraction mainly depends on the type, amount, time, temperature, pH, fineness of material, agitation and other factors The enzyme treatment was mild and selective On the one hand, it can improve the extraction yield or reduce the solvent consumption by degrading the plant cell wall; on the other hand, it can selectively degrade most impurities (starch, pectin, protein, etc.) in the plant medicine to facilitate the extraction and separation, and at the same time, it can make comprehensive use of the drug residue to turn waste into treasure In China, Shengmaiyin oral liquid was successfully prepared by enzyme method in Shanghai No 1 Traditional Chinese medicine factory At present, cellulase is widely used in the extraction of traditional Chinese medicine, most of the cell walls of traditional Chinese medicine are composed of cellulose, and the effective components of plants are often wrapped in the cell walls; cellulose is composed of β - D-glucose connected by 1,4-β glucoside bond, which can be destroyed by cellulase enzymolysis, so that the cell walls of plants are destroyed, which is beneficial to the effective components Extraction The existing research reports are as follows: Lu Weiming et al Introduced a new method of extracting and separating scutellarin from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Compared with the direct extraction method, the new method has 75.67% scutellarin in the crude product, and the yield is 2.46% The yield of berberine can be increased by pretreatment with cellulase before berberine is extracted by Phellodendron amurense in matiantian, and there is significant difference between the extraction with cellulase and that without enzyme Zhang Caixia et al Applied cellulase to diosgenin extraction from Dioscorea nipponica The process only took one step more than the original process to enzymolysis the original pieces of crude drugs, but under the effect of cellulase, the yield of diosgenin was increased There was significant difference between the two methods Before andrographolide was extracted from Andrographis paniculata, the content and extraction amount of andrographolide were increased by cellulase hydrolysis Berberine was extracted from Coptis chinensis by Ma juyun and Zhao Jingyan The effects of enzyme group and enzyme group on the extraction of berberine were studied Compared with the original process, the new process only added cellulase one step more than the original one, but the content of berberine extracted by the two processes was significantly different, and the extracted components were the same Under the action of cellulase, the yield of total flavonoids was increased by 13% During the extraction of Panax notoginseng, the cell wall was destroyed by cellulase hydrolysis, and the extraction rate of Panax notoginseng was increased by 23.5% In addition, Hou Rongqiao and others first applied industrial cellulase to traditional Chinese medicine and medicine dregs, so that the cellulase of traditional Chinese medicine and medicine dregs could be hydrolyzed into β - glucose, turned dregs into medicine, turned waste into treasure, which could be used as feed or fertilizer, etc., to reduce pollution.