Experts call for: plague prevention and control can not relax vigilance

On the evening of November 12, the Inner Mongolia Xilin Guole League Health and Health Committee, Beijing Chaoyang District Health and Health Committee in Beijing Chaoyang District Government website jointly released a message that the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Xilin Guole League Sunit left flag 2 people after expert consultation, was diagnosed as a confirmed case of pneumonic plague. At present, patients have been properly treated in the relevant medical institutions in Chaoyang District, Beijing, the relevant prevention and control measures have been implemented.
the afternoon of November 13, the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention announced that plague can be prevented and treated, the risk of the spread of the outbreak is very low, do not worry about infection.
, what are the laws of plague transmission? How can plague prevention and control be effective? In this regard, the Chinese Science Journal interviewed Zhang Zhibin, a researcher at the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, to explain the law of plague transmission. "Although the plague outbreak is largely under control, vigilance cannot be relaxed in the prevention and control of the plague." He appealed.Zhang Zhibin, an official at the University of China, told china Science Daily that scientific studies show that three major factors, rat density, climate and transportation, are the most important factors affecting the spread of plague.
recent years, his team has worked with a number of domestic and foreign organizations to build for the first time the most complete database of human plague cases during the third global plague epidemic and a genotype-based space-time transmission model. In May this year, the results of the study were published in the United States
According to historical records, there have been three plague pandemics in the world, the first plague pandemic, known as constantine plague, East Roman plague, began in 541 A.D., first appeared in Egypt, spread to Europe. The second plague pandemic, also known as the Black Death, began in 1347 with an outbreak in Europe. The third plague pandemic began in 1772 in Yunnan, China or neighboring countries, and spread to the world.
study analyzed the effects of environmental factors such as population density, temperature, precipitation and vegetation on the rate of plague transmission, and summarized the laws of many plague epidemics in the world. For example, in cold areas, the colder the climate, the faster the plague spreads, and in warmer areas, the hotter the plague spreads faster. In sparsely populated grasslands, forests and other areas, the spread of plague is faster, which may be related to the level of human plague prevention and control, natural epidemic environment and so on.
spread about 40 km between two plague spots, five years apart, suggesting that the plague migrates to a new area to form an outbreak of the average distance and time.
law is undoubtedly of great significance to guide the early warning and prevention of plague under the current global changes. Mr Zhang said.Zhang Zhibin, China's vast territory, complex ecological environment, there are more than 10 plague sources.
" is mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Inner Mongolia Plateau, Xinjiang, Northeast, Southwest and South China in some mountainous areas, especially in the intersecting areas of agriculture and animal husbandry. China has many types of plague pathogens and many plague hosts. "The host is mainly rats, and fleas are the vector of plague. The
that increased rat density is an important factor in increasing the risk of plague occurrence and transmission. Human contact with rats and carcasses increases the chances of contracting plague. Infected plague of humans, rats, etc. will accompany the long-distance transmission of vehicles. Therefore, rat density, climate and traffic are the most important factors affecting the spread of plague.
, Zhang stressed that at a time when modern means of transport are becoming more widespread, plague will only spread faster.liberation, due to the effective means of prevention and control in our country, the plague epidemic was basically completely controlled. In recent years, however, plague has become active again in some parts of the world as a result of climate change and increased human activity. For example, between August and November 2017, there were more than 2,000 outbreaks of plague in Madagas, Africa, mostly pneumonic plague. China has also found a number of cases of human plague in Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and other places.
, "the risk of a plague outbreak cannot be ignored." Zhang Zhibin said.
period of time, the worldwide pest control and plague prevention and control work has been relaxed and neglected. Zhang Zhibin believes that with the retirement of the older generation of science and technology workers with rich experience, the grass-roots epidemic prevention, plant protection departments and scientific research departments are facing the situation of no one, lack of specialized scientific and technical personnel and funds, restricting the monitoring and control of the epidemic.
Zhang Zhibin suggested that the state and local governments should increase investment in the monitoring, prevention and control of rodents and plague, and strengthen team building. In monitoring and prevention and control, improve all levels of prevention and control organizations, equipped with professional and technical teams, increase the monitoring and control of key areas and rodents. In scientific research, strengthen the study of the law of plague transmission under global change, strengthen the monitoring and prevention of plague areas in countries along the Belt and Road, block the regional and global spread of plague, and increase the pace of industrialization of plague and plague prevention and control technologies.
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