Extraction of seed coarse fat.

1. Experimental Purpose Fat is widely found in oil plant seeds and fruits, the content of fat can be determined, the quality of which can be identified, but also the oil crop selection and seed resources survey of the conventional measurement project., experimental principleAfter understanding the purpose of the experiment, there are several questions to consider about this experiment: 1, the seed composition is very complex, how to extract fat?2, what is crude fat?:A: Fat is insoluble in water and soluble in
organic
solvents (e.g. petroleum ethers). Using this characteristic, organic solvents are selected to directly immerse the fat in the sample for determination. In addition to fat, the extract also has free fatty acids, paraffin, phospholipids, sterols, pigments, organic acids and other substances, so leaching is called coarse fat. Through the above thinking, we know that fat extraction is mainly the use of its soluble properties in organic solvents. Specific experiments to operate the extraction of crude fat, generally using the Soch fat extractor.the properties of lipids soluble in organic solvents. The lipids in the sample were extracted from the Soc extractor using an organic solvent (petroleum ether for this experiment, with a boiling range of 30 to 60 degrees C).
1. Immersion tube 2. Breathing tube 3. Siphon 4. Small berration 5. Condensation tube . The Soc extractor is composed of three parts: the extraction bottle, the extraction tube and the condenser, and the siphon pipe and the connecting tube are on both sides of the extraction tube. The connections between the parts should be tight and not leak. When extracted, wrap the sample to be tested in a skimmed filter paper bag and place it in the extraction tube. The extraction bottle is added to the petroleum ether,
heating
the extraction bottle, the petroleum ether gasification, from the connecting tube rose into the condenser, condensed into a liquid drip into the extraction tube, immersed in the sample of lipid substances. The liquid surface of petroleum ether in the tube to be extracted reaches a certain height, and the oil ether dissolved with crude fat flows into the extraction bottle through the siphon tube. The petroleum ether that flows into the extraction bottle continues to be heated to gasify, rise, condense, drip into the extraction tube, and then cycle back and forth until the extraction is complete., materials, instruments and
reagents(i) experimental materials soybeans, peanuts, castor, sunflowers, sesame seeds and other oils.(ii)
instrument equipment Soth extractor (50 mL),
beech
,
drying
, skimming filter paper, tweezers, analysis
balance
, oven,
thermostat
water bath, degreasing cotton.(iii) reagentspetroleum ether (chemical purity, boiling range of 30 to 60 degrees C)., experimental operation1, the washing, drying of sesame seeds in the oven 80 to 100 degrees C baking for 4 hours. After cooling, accurately weigh 2 to 4 g, put in the research grinding fine, the shredded sample and wipe the degreasing cotton of the research with skimmed filter paper wrapped with silk, do not let the sample leak out. Or with a special filter paper bucket after the sample, the mouth with skimmed cotton plug. Put into the extraction tube of the Soc extractor, and finally wash the research with petroleum ether and pour into the extraction tube.2, wash the Soc extract bottle, dry in a 105 oC oven to constant weight, record weight. The petroleum ether is added to the extraction bottle approximately 1/2 to 2/3 of the bottle volume. After connecting the parts of the extractor, the interface must not leak. Heat the extract bottle in a heated water bath of 70 to 80 degrees C for about 16 hours, until the petroleum ether in the extraction tube is tested for oil-free traces with filter paper. This indicates that the extract is complete.3, the extraction is complete, take out the filter paper bag, and then re-distill once, washing the extraction tube. The distillation continues, and the petroleum ether is poured out when the liquid surface of the petroleum ether in the extraction tube approaches the siphon port and does not flow into the extraction bottle. If there is still petroleum ether in the extraction bottle, continue to distill until the extracted bottle is completely steamed. Remove the extract bottle, wash the outer wall of the bottle, and place it in an oven at 105 degrees C to dry until constant weight, recording the weight. 5, Note 1, this method uses an organic solvent with a boiling point of less than 60 degrees C, can not extract the binding state of the lipids in the sample, so this method is also known as the quantitative determination of free lipids.2, if the sample to be tested is liquid, a certain volume of sample drip on the skimming filter paper in the 60 to 80 degrees C oven after drying into the extraction tube.3, this method uses organic solvent petroleum ether (boiling range of 30 to 60 degrees C) so heating can not be used open flame. .