Fang Zhiyuan: Do a good job in 50 years of genetic breeding of kale

although he is in his 80s and has had heart stent surgery, Fang Zhiyuan
has not lost his beloved kale breeding job. He goes to the institute almost every day, or he travels abroad to lead the team in investigation and selection. Unable to stand for long, he simply took the bench to the ground, stood for a while, and sat for a while. In order to fill the vegetable basket with China's own vegetables, Fang Zhiyuan
led the breeding team to work hard for more than 50 years, to achieve a series of major scientific and technological achievements, to train a large number of outstanding talent.kale, also known as cabbage, cabbage, is a cross-flower vegetable genus crop, is an important vegetable originated in Europe, with rich nutritional value.
kale, which is now commonplace at people's tables, was mostly introduced abroad in the 1960s and 1970s. In southern China, most of the cultivation is imported from abroad, the medium-ripe varieties "yellow seedlings", not only need to spend a lot of foreign exchange each year to buy seeds, but also the quality and quantity of seeds is often difficult to be guaranteed.
1967, foreign investors in the "yellow seedling" kale seeds difficult, one is to improve the price of seeds, the other is to reduce the quality of seeds. As a result, the next spring in southern China million mu of kale appeared a large area only flowering not ball phenomenon, to Guangdong and other places of vegetable farmers caused heavy losses. Fang Zhiyuan with experts rushed to Guangdong overnight, saw vegetable farmers crouched in the ground to shed tears, Fang Zhiyuan felt the same way, secretly determined: "must make our own kale varieties!" No longer subject to people! "
, however, however, how easy it is to talk about kale breeding, information and materials are very scarce. Fang Zhiyuan and his colleagues can only start from scratch, to collect kale species resources throughout the country. I heard that where there are good varieties, they immediately rushed over, came back to drill into the test field to study.
only bloom once a year, not only long breeding cycle, but also many uncertainties, often spend a lot of effort to do thousands of combinations may not be able to choose a good variety. Day after day, year after year, Fang Zhiyuan wearing a straw hat, holding a spade and hoe, led the task force to the whole land, sowing seeds, bending down, bowing his head, one after another for kale artificial pollination. Spring in Beijing is so windy that they spend almost every day in the test ground. There are a few sky gaps, but also in the suburbs of Beijing and Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei and other places, to understand the new varieties of experimental demonstration.
kung fu is not responsible for people. In 1973, Fang Zhiyuan and the team together in the country to take the lead in the use of self-intipable and affinity system to breed China's first kale generation hybrid - Jingfeng 1, marking this advanced technology in the country to obtain a breakthrough and gradually promote the application. This not only ends the passive situation of the long-term introduction of kale varieties from abroad, but also improves the level of kale breeding and production in China, and also promotes the research on the advantages of hybrids of other vegetable crops.
After harvesting the first kale hybrid varieties, Fang Zhiyuan rate task force has become suitable for
two seasons of planting spring, autumn Feng and other 6 early and late supporting excellent varieties, to solve the problem of single varieties of kale, harvest too concentrated, so that kale in China's vegetable market to achieve a year-round supply. In 1985, they and Beijing Agriculture and Forth
vegetables to complete the results of the "kale self-confessed non-affinity system selection and its configuration of a series of new varieties" won the first prize of national technology invention, which is China's vegetable science and technology field so far the only national technology invention first prize.
the early stage of the preparation and efforts, Fang Zhiyuan in the field of kale breeding began to meet new challenges. Since the 1980s, he has presided over the national "six five" "seven five" "eight five" key scientific and technological research topic "kale disease-resistant new varieties selection" research, one after another to cultivate the success of the first batch of kale disease-resistant varieties in gan 8, zhonggan 9 and the second generation of spring precocious kale new varieties of gangalin 11 and so on. These varieties than the original main plant varieties increased the average yield of more than 10%, mu output value increased by more than 200 yuan.grew up in the countryside Fang Zhiyuan, more able to appreciate the toil of farmers, he is well aware of the "people miss the field for a while, the field mistaken people for a year" truth. In his office, a straw hat and a raincoat hang on the hanger all year year old, ready to go down. "Seeds should not be sold too expensive for farmers to benefit." This is Fang Zhiyuan often hangs on the mouth of a sentence.
at the same time, Fang Zhiyuan attaches great importance to the scientific research results as soon as possible to the production, through the transformation of new varieties "the last kilometer."
in order to promote new varieties of kale, he promoted China's agricultural
vegetable and flower research institute in the country set up more than 10 new varieties of kale breeding, demonstration base, more than 30 good seed sales outlets. In order to allow kale varieties to spread as soon as possible in China's land, Fang Zhiyuan led the task force deep into Beijing, Hebei and other provinces and cities to produce the first line, but also in the suburbs of Beijing flower township, four seasons Qingxiang squatting point, in Haidian, Fengtai and other places for a long time to establish a breeding base and new varieties demonstration base. In order to enable the peasant brothers to master these technologies as soon as possible, the task force adopted typical demonstration, training courses and other methods, hand-in-hand to teach them, unreservedly put the results out to share. With the efforts of the task force, the new varieties of kale were rapidly extended to 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, accounting for about 60% of the area of the main producing area at the peak of the planting area, and the cumulative promotion of more than 100 million mu.
spend their time in the ground and put the people in their hearts. After retirement, Fang Zhiyuan seems to have more time, but in mrs. Zhang Zhenmin's eyes, Fang Zhiyuan is more busy. "He doesn't work three shifts a day, he doesn't work in the morning, he doesn't go to work in the afternoon, he doesn't go home in the evening and he doesn't take a day or two off for the New Year." Zhang Zhenmin said, "Before not listening to our advice tired down, well, then he went to the ground again." The
Ulanchab in Inner Mongolia is a poor area, and the cold natural environment was once a short board for agricultural development. With the support
workstations, cold vegetables have become a local advantage industry, and here has become one of the country's three major cold vegetable bases. Now Ulanchab, each year to grow kale and other vegetables more than 60 million mu, exported to more than 20 provinces and cities, exported to Russia and other countries, local farmers on average per acre income of more than 1000 yuan.not only pay attention to kale breeding, but also pay more attention to the training of young and middle-aged talents. The kale vegetable breeding team is one of the longest-lasting and fruitful scientific research teams in the field of vegetable science and technology in China, and has won many honors, such as the Outstanding Innovation Team Award of the China Agricultural Science and Technology Award and the Advanced Collective of the National Agricultural And Rural System.
"the party and the people gave me too much. "That's a
that Fang Zhiyuan used to say. In 1996, Mr Fang was awarded the He Liang Heli Foundation Science and Technology Progress Award, and he donated all HK$100,000 in prize money to the Institute as a science and technology award fund to train young people.
as deputy director of the Department of Agriculture of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of the China Agricultural
Vegetable and Flower Research Institute, Fang Zhiyuan made great efforts to train outstanding young and middle-aged talents. Over the decades, Liu Yumei, Yang Limei, Zhang Yangyong and a large number of outstanding scientists and young talents stand out. By the end of 2018, the team had published more than 150 academic papers, including more than 50 SCI papers, more than 3000 citations, 6 patents for inventions, and more than 30 new varieties of kale.
attaches great importance to the continuous improvement of team members' innovation ability. The team has established extensive cooperative relations with relevant internationally renowned research institutions such as the United States, the Netherlands and Israel, conducted exchanges in various forms such as expert visits, visits, lectures and training, followed up on international research developments in a timely manner, and expanded international influence.Zhang Youjun, director of the
China Agriculture
Vegetable and Flower Research Institute, said Fang Zhiyuan
is a banner in China's vegetable science and technology field and agricultural science, and he led the team to innovate independently, ending the passive situation of kale varieties relying on imports and contributing to enriching China's vegetable basket. In the new era, we should vigorously carry forward the spirit of scientists, firmly grasp the initiative of vegetable development, cultivate more new varieties of domestic vegetables, for the people's better life.