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Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent mental diseases worldwide, and have long been considered to be closely related to the regulation of neurotransmitters.
Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent mental diseases worldwide, and have long been considered to be closely related to the regulation of neurotransmitters.
A review of studies conducted on sterile rodents, or on animals with depleted microflora using antibiotics or through the use of probiotics.
A review of studies conducted on sterile rodents, or on animals with depleted microflora using antibiotics or through the use of probiotics.
Although the mechanism remains unclear for anxiety and depression, but neurotransmitters, such as 5- hydroxytryptamine (.
5- 5- HT HT
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter with important physiological significance in the human body.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter with important physiological significance in the human body.
In sterile rodents, two studies found that the hippocampus and / or the frontal cortex and the striatum 5- HT and / or 5- hydroxy indole acetic acid (5-HIAA) does not change, but C57BL / 6N small Early stress in mice or acute stress in F344 male rats differs in anxiety-like behavior changes.
The above evidence emphasizes that the intestinal microflora regulates the regulation of 5 - hydroxytryptamine in stress model anxiety and depression-like behaviors.
Dopamine is the main catecholaminergic neurotransmitter.
Intestinal microbial flora relieve anxiety and intestinal microflora relieve anxiety and / / or depression-like behavior of the potential may be through or depression-like behavior may be a potential by DA DA achieve regulation.
Norepinephrine norepinephrine
The role of norepinephrine in the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression has been known for a long time.
The role of norepinephrine in the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression has been known for a long time.
The limited evidence on the role of norepinephrine in anxiety and depressive behavior suggests that they may be affected by the gut microflora.
In general, change system gut microflora can be influenced in various rodent models altered intestinal microbial flora can influence a variety of rodent models 5- 5- serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain system, And their anxious and depressive behaviors , the brain system of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, and their anxious and depressive behaviors .
When considering how bacteria affect brain neurotransmitters, one possible mechanism is that metabolites produced by the intestinal flora can act as precursors for the synthesis of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system; for example, Bifidobacterium infantis has been found to increase plasma levels.
Original source:
Huang F, Wu X.
Brain Neurotransmitter Modulation by Gut Microbiota in Anxiety and Depression.
Front Cell Dev Biol.
2021 Mar 11;9:649103.
doi: 10.
3389/fcell.
2021.
649103.
PMID: 33777957; PMCID: PMC7991717.
Brain Neurotransmitter Modulation by Gut Microbiota in Anxiety and Depression.
Front Cell Dev Biol.
2021 Mar 11;9:649103.
doi: 10.
3389/fcell.
2021.
649103.
PMID: 33777957; PMCID: PMC7991717.
Huang F, Wu X.
Brain Neurotransmitter Modulation by Gut Microbiota in Anxiety and Depression.
Front Cell Dev Biol.
2021 Mar 11;9:649103.
doi: 10.
3389/fcell.
2021.
649103.
PMID: 33777957; PMCID: PMC7991717.
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