Get rid of the pain of chemotherapy! Chinese Academy of Sciences develops therapeutic cancer vaccine: simple and effective

Oncology immunotherapy was named the top 10 scientific breakthrough in 2013 by ScienceIn many immunotherapy, tumor vaccine can mobilize the body's own immune cells to kill tumors, with great clinical potentialHowever, after the individual tumor antigen enters the body, the immunogenicity is very weak, it is difficult to stimulate an effective immune responseResearchers have also been constantly trying to improve and research new methods to achieve the desired results, but they are not satisfactoryrecently, a new study, 'Self Healing-microcapsules synergetics, modulate silicings for potent cancer," shows that the team has developed a new cancer treatment vaccine based on self-healing microcapsules that effectively activates the immune system and inhibits tumor developmentThis study represents the first time that researchers have used self-healing microcapsules with post-encapsulation, multiple loading, and effective regulation of immune microenvironmentins in tumor vaccinesAfter vaccination, these microcapsules can form a good immune microenvironment in situ, where antigens release power, absorb cellular behavior and acidic environments in a coordinated mannerthe research team, led by Ma Guangxuan and Wei Wei, a researcher from the National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering of the Institute of Process Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has previously identified and created a series of new vaccine delivery dosage forms that have been successfully used in animal models for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors such as breast cancer, melanoma and lymphoma, and some of the dosage forms have been ethically approved for preclinical and clinical research"Because of certain limitations, researchers were forced to improve early cancer vaccines," Professor Ma saidFor example, poor immune microenvironments, complex preparation processes and the need for frequent vaccinations have seriously affected vaccine performanceTherefore, we have designed a new type of high-efficiencycancervaccine preparationbased on microcapsulesProfessor Wei said: "Due to synergies, the vaccine has successfully improved the utilization of antigens, improved antigen presentation and activated antigen submission cells." Therefore, the use of different types of antigens in different tumor models can achieve effective T-cell reaction, effective suppression of tumors, and anti-metastasis and prevention of postoperative recurrence"
Figure 1 :"",();,() 、、、,,(FDA)。 Using the low glass conversion temperature of polylactic acid, the antigen in the solution can be effectively encapsulated inside the large hole ball under mild conditions, and this simple and unique method of "back-covering" not only protects the biological activity of the antigen, but also facilitates the field configuration of the hospital dosage form At the same time, through the rational design of microsphere size and degradation rate, it is possible to achieve precision control against the original progenitor cell collection and antigen release at the injection site, so as to maximize the efficiency of antigen ingestion In addition, the lactic acid molecules produced by polylactic acid degradation can produce microacid environment at the injection site, which promotes the secretion of Th1 cytokines and the cross-presentation of antigens within cells, thus strengthening the subsequent cellular immune response According to the researchers, large-cut microspheres can be used as the chassis of the vaccine, the interior is suitable for loading peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and other hydrophilic antigens, while the skeleton can also be loaded with monophosphamido A (MPLA), mimiremot and other hydrophosphobic adjuvants to meet the needs of different vaccine dosage forms Figure 2 Self-healing large porous microspheres for personalized immunotherapy for new antigens in tumors: (A) neo-antigen vaccine construction and inoculation strategy; (B) spleen multi-energy CD8T cell percentage; (C) intra-tumor effect CD8T cell slicing and subtype analysis; (D) intra-tumor Treg cell slicing and statistical analysis; (E) inhibitory tumor Curve and tumor suppression rate based on the above advantages, the tumor vaccine dosage form in animal models after a single injection can induce efficient and long-term specific immune response, in breast cancer, lymphoma, melanoma and other tumor models and protein antigens, peptide antigens, new antigens have achieved better than the efficacy of commoditized agent form (AS04), and showed very good safety In addition, the researchers verified the availability of new vaccine platforms used in the new antigen vaccine, which is consistent with precision medicine Due to the simple post-encapsulation process, clinicians are able to prepare new antigen preparations at any time The dosage is currently working with hospitals to apply for clinical ethics for individualized immunotherapy for new antigens in tumors Source: BioMan