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After the introduction of the 20 optimization measures, the comprehensive group of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council issued four documents on the 21st, namely the Implementation Measures for Nucleic Acid Testing for the Prevention and Control of the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic, the Delineation and Control Plan for the Risk Area of the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic, the Medical Observation Guide for Home Isolation of the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic, and the Guidelines for Home Health Monitoring of the New Crown Pneumonia Epidemic, to further guide all localities and departments to do a good job in epidemic prevention and control
.
How to carry out nucleic acid testing in different regions? What are the criteria and control schemes for the delineation of high- and low-risk zones? What are the self-management requirements for home isolation medical observation? Who should be monitored at home? The above-mentioned documents provide answers
to each of these questions.
How to carry out nucleic acid testing? Early detection and early disposal
Early detection is one of the keys to timely handling of
outbreaks.
The Implementation Measures for Nucleic Acid Testing for the Prevention and Control of the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic guide the epidemic surveillance work in various places in terms of normalized surveillance and regional nucleic acid testing
.
In terms of normalized monitoring, the Measures require that key institutions and places should do a good job in symptom monitoring of relevant personnel under normalization, and nucleic acid sampling
can be organized and carried out according to local prevention and control needs.
After one or more local epidemics occur in the jurisdiction, one nucleic acid test for all employees should be organized and completed in a timely manner, and nucleic acid testing
should be carried out according to the test results and the risk of epidemic spread, according to the sampling ratio of at least 20% per day or the testing requirements of the jurisdiction.
At the same time, medical institutions carry out nucleic acid testing
for all febrile patients, cases of severe acute respiratory infections of unknown cause and hospitalized patients, all newly admitted patients and their accompanying personnel, etc.
In terms of regional nucleic acid testing, the Measures require that in the process of handling the epidemic, on the basis of epidemiological investigation, comprehensive research and judgment should be made according to factors such as the size of the population in the epidemic area, whether the source of infection is clear, whether there is a risk of community transmission, and whether the transmission chain is clear, and determine the scope, frequency and sequence
of the testing population according to the size of the risk and the principle of grading and classification 。
According to the measures, after the outbreak of the epidemic in provincial capitals and cities with a population of more than 10 million people, after the flow of investigation and judgment, the transmission chain is not clear, there are many risk places and risk personnel, and the risk personnel are large, and there is a risk of spread of the epidemic, the epidemic area where the epidemic is located will carry out a nucleic acid test for all employees once a day, and after 3 consecutive nucleic acid tests for those without social infection, another nucleic acid test for all employees will be carried out at intervals of 3 days, and those without social infection can stop the nucleic acid test
of all employees.
How to manage the different risk areas? Implement categorical management measures
The 20 optimization measures adjust the risk area from "high, medium and low" to "high and low"
.
What are the criteria for the delineation of different risk areas? What prevention and control measures need to be taken?
According to the "New Crown Pneumonia Epidemic Risk Area Delineation and Control Plan", once a local epidemic occurs, the county (city, district, and banner) where the cases and asymptomatic infections are located should be accurately divided into high-risk areas and low-risk areas as soon as possible, and all aspects of the force should be coordinated to implement categorical management measures
.
The plan clarifies that, in principle, areas such as the place of residence of infected persons, as well as places of work and activity with frequent activities and a high risk of epidemic transmission, are classified as high-risk areas
.
High-risk areas are subject to lockdown measures, during which "staying at home and providing door-to-door service"
will be implemented.
If new infected persons are found during the lockdown period, the local joint prevention and control mechanism will organize and carry out risk research and judgment, and in accordance with the requirements of "one district, one policy", the original lockdown area can be extended in whole or in part for the lockdown time
.
The plan clarifies that no new infections have been found in high-risk areas for 5 consecutive days, and all personnel in the risk area on the 5th day have completed a round of nucleic acid screening and are negative, which is reduced to a low-risk area
.
High-risk areas that meet the conditions for unblocking should be unblocked
in a timely manner.
Other areas of the county (city, district, banner) where the high-risk area is located are designated as low-risk areas
.
Implement "personal protection and avoid gathering", and leave the city with a negative nucleic acid test certificate
within 48 hours.
In addition, after all high-risk areas are lifted, counties (cities, districts, and banners) will implement normalized prevention and control measures
.
According to the plan, in the process of epidemic handling, if the risk of transmission caused by individual cases and asymptomatic infected persons to their place of residence, work and activity area is low, close contacts have been controlled in time, and there is no risk of community transmission after research, the risk area may not be delineated; Counties (cities, districts, and banners) that do not have local epidemics should effectively implement normalized epidemic prevention and control measures, and there is no need to designate risk areas
.
How to do home isolation? Period: Code management
Who needs to be placed in home isolation for medical observation? What are the self-management requirements for medical observers in home isolation?
The Guidelines for Home Isolation Medical Observation of the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic clearly states that the management targets include special groups among close contacts, close contacts and inbound persons after the release of centralized isolation, spillover persons in high-risk areas, and other persons
who cannot be subjected to centralized isolation medical observation after professional assessment.
According to the guidelines, medical observers in home isolation should take their body temperature and self-health monitoring once a day in the morning and evening, and actively report the monitoring results to the community medical observation managers
.
During the home isolation period, code management is assigned, and people in home isolation strictly do not go out and refuse all visits
.
For those who really need to go out for medical treatment, etc.
, they can only go out after approval by the medical observation management personnel of the community where they are located, arrange special vehicles, do a good job in personal protection throughout the process, and implement closed-loop management
.
Among them, those who do not live alone should be confined to the isolation room as much as possible in their daily life and meals, and other persons should not enter the isolation room
.
Masks may not be worn for activities in the isolation room, and masks
should be worn when leaving the isolation room.
Minimize contact with other family members, maintain a distance of more than 1 meter when contact is necessary, and standardize the wearing of medical surgical masks
.
According to the guidelines, medical observers in home isolation need to cooperate with staff to complete nucleic acid testing, antigen self-testing and result reporting
in accordance with relevant prevention and control requirements.
How to do home health monitoring? Do not go out unless necessary
Who needs home health monitoring? What are the management requirements for home health monitors?
The "Guidelines for Home Health Monitoring of the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic" clearly states that it is applicable to employees in high-risk positions who have ended closed-loop operations, personnel discharged from the hospital (cabin) of persons infected with new coronary pneumonia, and other personnel
who need home health monitoring after professional assessment.
According to the guidelines, home health monitoring personnel measure their body temperature once a day in the morning and evening, do a good job of symptom monitoring, and report
truthfully to the community (village).
During home health monitoring, I should strictly implement that I do not go out unless necessary, such as medical treatment and other special circumstances, do a good job of personal protection when going out, standardize the wearing of N95/KN95 particulate matter protective masks, and avoid taking public transportation
.
At the same time, nucleic acid testing
needs to be completed in accordance with prevention and control requirements.
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