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In recent years, the state has continuously called for energy-saving and environmental protection policies and put forward higher requirements for various industries.
Water-in-water water-based coatings have good development prospects due to their better environmental performance.
As one of the indispensable raw materials for the production of coatings, the amount of additives used continues to increase with the widespread use of water-based coatings.
In addition, the performance of additives also directly affects the environmental performance of water-based coatings.
That is to say, the quality of additives determines the quality of water-based coating products to a certain extent.
Therefore, strengthening the research on water-based coating additives is beneficial to improve its quality and effect.
Additive overview Water-based coatings can be divided into four types: oil-in-oil, water-in-oil, oil-in-water, and water-in-water.
Because water-in-water water-based coatings have the best environmental performance and have the widest application range, water-based materials such as oil-in-oil, water-in-oil, and oil-in-water have been gradually eliminated by the market.
Water-in-water type, also known as water-dispersed water-based paint, is divided into colloidal dispersion and emulsion dispersion according to the size of the particle diameter in the paint.
At present, the additives used in water-based coatings can be divided into production and construction, which mainly include additives added during the production process, additives added during the construction process, additives for improving film-forming properties, and other functional additives.
Among them, the additives in the production process mainly include: emulsifiers, defoamers, wetting agents and dispersants; the additives in the construction process mainly include film-forming agents, leveling agents, adhesion promoters; other functional additives The agents mainly include: anti-fungal agents, fungicides, anti-pollution agents and so on.
Additives are used in the production of water-based coatings.
The additives in the production process mainly include: emulsifiers, defoamers, wetting agents and dispersants.
(1) Emulsifier The main function of the emulsifier is to provide micellar particles for the polymerization of the coating when preparing water-based coatings, and is an important raw material to ensure the stability of the polymer.
However, adding the emulsifier directly to the water-based paint will cause the paint to easily appear a phase separation state of small voids on the surface after the paint is painted, which will cause the water to penetrate into the film formed by the paint.
In order to solve the problem that traditional emulsifiers provide micellar particles to facilitate the penetration of water into the coating film, polymer emulsifiers and reactive emulsifiers will become the development direction of emulsifiers in the future.
(2) Wetting agent and dispersing agent The main function of the wetting agent and dispersing agent is to reduce the time and energy required for the dispersion process in the coating production process, thereby ensuring that the coating dispersion is more stable.
Among them, the wetting agent can effectively reduce the interfacial tension between the solid and the liquid, so that the solid can be wetted by the liquid more efficiently.
In the actual production process of water-based coatings, wetting agents and emulsifiers are similar to surfactants, and the commonly used types of surfactants are anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants.
In the past preparation process of water-based coatings, the commonly used surfactants were alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether non-ionic surfactants.
However, the substance will affect the endocrine system of the human body, so it is gradually replaced.
The dispersant can ensure that the pigment and filler particles after being moistened by the wetting agent remain relatively stable, and ensure that the pigment and filler will not agglomerate or flocculate.
At present, the dispersants used in the market can be divided into inorganic dispersants and organic dispersants.
Among them, inorganic dispersants mainly include phosphates and silicates; organic dispersants mainly include organic acrylates and polyisobutylene maleate.
The practice shows that mixing inorganic dispersant and organic dispersant can get the best dispersant.
(3) Defoamer In order to ensure the performance and quality of water-based coatings, a certain amount of surfactant must be added to each link.
Therefore, a certain amount of foam will be produced in its production and use.
As the name implies, the main function of defoamers is to suppress and eliminate foam during the production process or film formation of the coating.
At present, the type of defoamer used in actual production and film formation is organically modified polysiloxane defoamer.
The application of additives in the construction of water-based coatings The additives in the construction process mainly include: thickener, curing agent and drier.
(1) Thickener thickener application in the construction process of water-based paint, the construction personnel can add the corresponding amount of thickener according to the different construction sites and objects, and then realize the adjustment of the viscosity and rheology of the water-based paint.
Avoid dripping and sagging in the construction of the project.
(2) Curing agent The curing agent can ensure that the coating is completed and the hydrophilicity of the film is reduced or eliminates the hydrophilic group after the film is formed.
At present, the types of curing agents used in the construction of water-based coatings include water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resin, benzene-substituted melamine-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin, and the most widely used curing agent is water-soluble hexamethoxymethyl melamine.
Application of additives to improve film-forming properties The additives to improve film-forming quality mainly include film-forming agents, leveling agents, and adhesion promoters.
(1) Film-forming agent The film-forming of high polymer in water-based coatings is generally required to be above the film-forming temperature, and the film-forming effect is the best.
In general, the film-forming temperature of high polymer is higher than room temperature.
The main function of the film-forming agent is to deform the polymer particles, thereby reducing the film-forming temperature of the polymer, ensuring the realization of the film-forming of the polymer, and improving the film-forming quality of the polymer.
Since the film-forming agent volatilizes into the air after the polymer film is formed, the film-forming agent is required to be non-toxic and environmentally friendly.
Film-forming agents can be mainly divided into hydrophobic hydrocarbons and hydrophilic.
Among them, the hydrophobic hydrocarbon film-forming agent is cheap, but its film-forming effect on improving the polymer is poor, and it can also increase the odor of the coating.
Hydrophilic film-forming additives are often used in conjunction with antifreeze, mainly used to improve the freeze-thaw stability and brushability of latex.
At present, DPOA film-forming agent has the advantages of forming a film at room temperature without volatilization, will not pollute the air, and can improve the hardness and brightness of water-based coatings and is widely used.
(2) Leveling agent The leveling agent can effectively adjust the water loss rate of the film forming process of the water-based paint, thereby ensuring that the water-based paint has better leveling properties.
The leveling agent can volatilize after the film formation of the water-based coating is completed, and will not affect the final use effect of the coating.
In addition, the leveling agent can also be used as an antifreeze to adjust the minimum temperature of the coating application.
(3) Adhesion promoter, as the name implies, the main function of the adhesion promoter is to ensure that the water-based paint can effectively adhere to the construction object, and to avoid the peeling of the water-based paint and the development of paint drop.
The main mechanism of the adhesion promoter is that it can form a covalent bond with the surface of the construction object, thereby improving the adhesion of the water-based coating.
In addition, adhesion promoters can also improve the water solubility and wettability of water-based coatings, thereby improving the damage resistance and corrosion resistance of the coatings.
Functional additives The functional additives used in water-based coatings mainly include antifungal agents and bactericides.
The main function of bactericides and antifungal agents is to inhibit the reproduction of microorganisms in the paint or kill the microorganisms in the paint, so as to prevent the water-based paint from being contaminated by microorganisms, thereby reducing the performance and application effect of the paint.
The first principle for the selection of antifungal agents and fungicides is that they are harmless to the human body, and secondly, the sterilization effect is considered.
In addition, it is necessary to clean the products of the antiseptic and antifungal agent in the coating regularly to avoid the pollution of the product to the environment and reduce the subsequent sterilization effect.
Summary Additives are one of the main raw materials of water-based coatings.
The addition of different additives in different links can effectively improve the performance and quality of water-based materials, construction effects, and film-forming properties.
Therefore, in the production and construction of water-based coatings, the most appropriate additives can be added according to the application object and the environment to improve the performance and construction effect of the water-based coating; in the water-based film formation and storage, the corresponding additives can be added according to the needs to improve Its film-forming properties and extend its storage time.
Water-in-water water-based coatings have good development prospects due to their better environmental performance.
As one of the indispensable raw materials for the production of coatings, the amount of additives used continues to increase with the widespread use of water-based coatings.
In addition, the performance of additives also directly affects the environmental performance of water-based coatings.
That is to say, the quality of additives determines the quality of water-based coating products to a certain extent.
Therefore, strengthening the research on water-based coating additives is beneficial to improve its quality and effect.
Additive overview Water-based coatings can be divided into four types: oil-in-oil, water-in-oil, oil-in-water, and water-in-water.
Because water-in-water water-based coatings have the best environmental performance and have the widest application range, water-based materials such as oil-in-oil, water-in-oil, and oil-in-water have been gradually eliminated by the market.
Water-in-water type, also known as water-dispersed water-based paint, is divided into colloidal dispersion and emulsion dispersion according to the size of the particle diameter in the paint.
At present, the additives used in water-based coatings can be divided into production and construction, which mainly include additives added during the production process, additives added during the construction process, additives for improving film-forming properties, and other functional additives.
Among them, the additives in the production process mainly include: emulsifiers, defoamers, wetting agents and dispersants; the additives in the construction process mainly include film-forming agents, leveling agents, adhesion promoters; other functional additives The agents mainly include: anti-fungal agents, fungicides, anti-pollution agents and so on.
Additives are used in the production of water-based coatings.
The additives in the production process mainly include: emulsifiers, defoamers, wetting agents and dispersants.
(1) Emulsifier The main function of the emulsifier is to provide micellar particles for the polymerization of the coating when preparing water-based coatings, and is an important raw material to ensure the stability of the polymer.
However, adding the emulsifier directly to the water-based paint will cause the paint to easily appear a phase separation state of small voids on the surface after the paint is painted, which will cause the water to penetrate into the film formed by the paint.
In order to solve the problem that traditional emulsifiers provide micellar particles to facilitate the penetration of water into the coating film, polymer emulsifiers and reactive emulsifiers will become the development direction of emulsifiers in the future.
(2) Wetting agent and dispersing agent The main function of the wetting agent and dispersing agent is to reduce the time and energy required for the dispersion process in the coating production process, thereby ensuring that the coating dispersion is more stable.
Among them, the wetting agent can effectively reduce the interfacial tension between the solid and the liquid, so that the solid can be wetted by the liquid more efficiently.
In the actual production process of water-based coatings, wetting agents and emulsifiers are similar to surfactants, and the commonly used types of surfactants are anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants.
In the past preparation process of water-based coatings, the commonly used surfactants were alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether non-ionic surfactants.
However, the substance will affect the endocrine system of the human body, so it is gradually replaced.
The dispersant can ensure that the pigment and filler particles after being moistened by the wetting agent remain relatively stable, and ensure that the pigment and filler will not agglomerate or flocculate.
At present, the dispersants used in the market can be divided into inorganic dispersants and organic dispersants.
Among them, inorganic dispersants mainly include phosphates and silicates; organic dispersants mainly include organic acrylates and polyisobutylene maleate.
The practice shows that mixing inorganic dispersant and organic dispersant can get the best dispersant.
(3) Defoamer In order to ensure the performance and quality of water-based coatings, a certain amount of surfactant must be added to each link.
Therefore, a certain amount of foam will be produced in its production and use.
As the name implies, the main function of defoamers is to suppress and eliminate foam during the production process or film formation of the coating.
At present, the type of defoamer used in actual production and film formation is organically modified polysiloxane defoamer.
The application of additives in the construction of water-based coatings The additives in the construction process mainly include: thickener, curing agent and drier.
(1) Thickener thickener application in the construction process of water-based paint, the construction personnel can add the corresponding amount of thickener according to the different construction sites and objects, and then realize the adjustment of the viscosity and rheology of the water-based paint.
Avoid dripping and sagging in the construction of the project.
(2) Curing agent The curing agent can ensure that the coating is completed and the hydrophilicity of the film is reduced or eliminates the hydrophilic group after the film is formed.
At present, the types of curing agents used in the construction of water-based coatings include water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resin, benzene-substituted melamine-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin, and the most widely used curing agent is water-soluble hexamethoxymethyl melamine.
Application of additives to improve film-forming properties The additives to improve film-forming quality mainly include film-forming agents, leveling agents, and adhesion promoters.
(1) Film-forming agent The film-forming of high polymer in water-based coatings is generally required to be above the film-forming temperature, and the film-forming effect is the best.
In general, the film-forming temperature of high polymer is higher than room temperature.
The main function of the film-forming agent is to deform the polymer particles, thereby reducing the film-forming temperature of the polymer, ensuring the realization of the film-forming of the polymer, and improving the film-forming quality of the polymer.
Since the film-forming agent volatilizes into the air after the polymer film is formed, the film-forming agent is required to be non-toxic and environmentally friendly.
Film-forming agents can be mainly divided into hydrophobic hydrocarbons and hydrophilic.
Among them, the hydrophobic hydrocarbon film-forming agent is cheap, but its film-forming effect on improving the polymer is poor, and it can also increase the odor of the coating.
Hydrophilic film-forming additives are often used in conjunction with antifreeze, mainly used to improve the freeze-thaw stability and brushability of latex.
At present, DPOA film-forming agent has the advantages of forming a film at room temperature without volatilization, will not pollute the air, and can improve the hardness and brightness of water-based coatings and is widely used.
(2) Leveling agent The leveling agent can effectively adjust the water loss rate of the film forming process of the water-based paint, thereby ensuring that the water-based paint has better leveling properties.
The leveling agent can volatilize after the film formation of the water-based coating is completed, and will not affect the final use effect of the coating.
In addition, the leveling agent can also be used as an antifreeze to adjust the minimum temperature of the coating application.
(3) Adhesion promoter, as the name implies, the main function of the adhesion promoter is to ensure that the water-based paint can effectively adhere to the construction object, and to avoid the peeling of the water-based paint and the development of paint drop.
The main mechanism of the adhesion promoter is that it can form a covalent bond with the surface of the construction object, thereby improving the adhesion of the water-based coating.
In addition, adhesion promoters can also improve the water solubility and wettability of water-based coatings, thereby improving the damage resistance and corrosion resistance of the coatings.
Functional additives The functional additives used in water-based coatings mainly include antifungal agents and bactericides.
The main function of bactericides and antifungal agents is to inhibit the reproduction of microorganisms in the paint or kill the microorganisms in the paint, so as to prevent the water-based paint from being contaminated by microorganisms, thereby reducing the performance and application effect of the paint.
The first principle for the selection of antifungal agents and fungicides is that they are harmless to the human body, and secondly, the sterilization effect is considered.
In addition, it is necessary to clean the products of the antiseptic and antifungal agent in the coating regularly to avoid the pollution of the product to the environment and reduce the subsequent sterilization effect.
Summary Additives are one of the main raw materials of water-based coatings.
The addition of different additives in different links can effectively improve the performance and quality of water-based materials, construction effects, and film-forming properties.
Therefore, in the production and construction of water-based coatings, the most appropriate additives can be added according to the application object and the environment to improve the performance and construction effect of the water-based coating; in the water-based film formation and storage, the corresponding additives can be added according to the needs to improve Its film-forming properties and extend its storage time.
