Intestinal microbes linked to multiple sclerosis

1, MS patients with intestinal bacteria affect the immune system, triggering inflammation of the brain"Gut bacteria from multiple sclerosis patients"'s human T cells and drama s talks in mouse modelsSergio Baranzini, a human geneticist at the University of California, San Francisco, led a team that analyzed the gut flora of 71 MS patients and 71 healthy peopleThey found that there were two groups of gut bacteria in the guts of MS patients - Acinetobacter and Akkermansia - more than four times as many as normal people! In addition, Parabacteroides was four times more common in healthy people than in healthy people!then, they isolated immune cells from the blood of healthy individuals and exposed them to the intestinal flora of MS patientsWhen Acinetobacter and Akkermansia exist, natural immune cells differentiate into secondary T cells, triggering inflammation, helping to prevent systems from preventing intruders or infecting cellsMoreover, Acinetobacter bacteria inhibit the regulation of T cells, which affects their ability to block autoimmune diseasestransplanted the intestinal flora of MS patients into sterile mice, the immune system changed similarlyAbout 20 days after the transplant, the mice showed severe brain inflammation"Transplanting gut bacteria from healthy people to the same group of mice, who were not sickProfessor Baranzini says2, ms patients of the intestinal flora inhibition anti-inflammatory molecule"Gut microbiota from multiple singles patients enables s iautoimmune ei thromyelitis in micefrom the Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology in Germany immunologists Gurumuthymkrishnany and Hart WemutThey recruited 34 pairs of identical twins (aged 21-63), interestingly because they had and only one had multiple sclerosisresearchers analyzed their gut microbes and found significantly higher levels of Akkermansia bacteria in the guts of MS patients than healthy individualsAfter 12 weeks of transplanting the twins' intestinal flora to mice, mice with MS microflora showed MS-like symptomsIntestinal bacteria from MS patients are relatively easier to suppress the secretion of molecules such as cytokine IL-10, which is responsible for reducing inflammationthe two studies, though relatively small in sample size, give "exciting new evidence" that certain gut microbes inhibit key anti-inflammatory molecules, which can cause multiple sclerosis along with other genetic and environmental factorsresearchers believe that understanding the mechanisms by which intestinal flora alters the immune system during multiple sclerosis can help us develop treatments such as anti-inflammatory bacteria or drug "cocktails."