JAMA Oncol: incidence of skin adverse events in adjuvant therapy of PI3K inhibitors in cancer patients

The phosphoinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is one of
the most commonly activated signaling pathways in human cancer.
As PI3K inhibitors become more widely used in cancer treatment, there is a growing need to understand the skin effects
associated with these therapies.

The study aimed to systematically review the published literature on the incidence of cutaneous adverse events with PI3K inhibitors and to provide pooled incidence estimates through meta-analysis
.

The researchers searched PubMed, the Cochrane registry, ClinicalTrials.
gov, and data from the NHS and the Trip Health database up to September 2021 and included only randomised clinical trials (phase 2 and phase 3).

Data extracted included sex, drug name and class, sample size, rash incidence, and grade
.
The primary endpoint was the incidence of
skin adverse events with PI3K inhibitors.

In the intervention group, the overall incidence of skin events with any grade of PI3K inhibitor was 29.
30%, which translated into a combined odds ratio (OR) of 2.
55 (95% CI 1.
74 to 3.
75) for the incidence of any grade of skin adverse events.

The estimated incidence of severe (grade ≥ 3) rash was 6.
95% in the intervention group and the combined Peto OR was 4.
64 (95% CI 2.
70 to 7.
97).

Subgroup analysis showed a higher incidence of serious skin adverse events (grade ≥ 3) in patients using a combination of Class 1 PI3K inhibitors (OR 6.
67; 95% CI 4.
28 to 10.
38) was superior to homoisogenic selective PI3K inhibitors (OR 6.
37; 95% CI 3.
25-12.
48）
。

Taken together, the results of this study showed that the overall incidence of skin adverse events of PI3K inhibitors was 29.
30%, and the total OR was 2.
55 (95% CI 1.
74-3.
75).

These findings shed light on the risk of
skin adverse events associated with this important anti-cancer therapy.

Original source:

Jfri A, Meltzer R, Mostaghimi A, LeBoeuf N, Guggina L.
Incidence of Cutaneous Adverse Events With Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Inhibitors as Adjuvant Therapy in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
JAMA Oncol.
Published online October 13, 2022.
doi:10.
1001/jamaoncol.
2022.
4327