Microbial fermentation process

In recent years, microbial fermentation process has been more and more widely used in medicine, food, energy, agriculture and other industriesMicro-organisms can be used to convert raw materials through specific metabolism into the products people need, used in production and life, improve people's living standards and qualityAt present, the industry's most used three microbial fermentation process is fluid fermentation, intermittent fermentation and continuous fermentationThe following small editor on the detailed introduction for you:first, flow and fermentationflow and fermentation is also called feed batch fermentation or semi-continuous fermentation, refers to the microbial batch fermentation in some way to the culture system to add a certain material culture technologyIt is a fermentation technology between batch fermentation and continuous fermentation, and has some advantages of both, and is a more commonly used fermentation process in industryBy replenishing the material in batches, the concentration of nutrients in the culture liquid can be kept within a certain range for a long time, which not only ensures the growth needs of microorganisms without adverse effectsIn order to achieve the goal of increasing production rate"p style"text-align: center;"img src"""microbial fermentation process" "microbial fermentation process" title""microbial fermentation process" -feed batch fermentation according to the feed method is divided into a single feed batch fermentation and repeated feed batch fermentation two typesA single feed batch fermentation is a certain amount of basic media at the beginning of the fermentation process to start continuous replenishment of carbon sources or (and) nitrogen sources or /and other necessary substrates until the fermentation liquid product reaches the maximum operating volume of the fermentation tank to stop the feedFinally, the fermentation liquid is released all at onceRepeated feed batch fermentation is a single feed batch fermentation on the basis of a certain number of times according to a certain proportion of the release of a part of the fermentation liquid, so that the fermentation liquid product always does not exceed the maximum operating volume of the fermentation tank, so that in theory can extend the fermentation cycle, until the fermentation yield is significantly reduced, before the fermentation liquid is finally releasedcompared with traditional batch fermentation: flow-and-fermentation has the advantages of low aseptic requirements, strain variation, low degradation and wider applicationTherefore, the batch fermentation technology of supplements is widely used in production and scientific research, including: single-cell protein, amino acids, growth hormone, antibiotics, vitamins, enzymes, nucleotides, organic acids and so on almost the entire fermentation industrysecond and intermittent fermentation intermittent fermentation is also known as batch fermentation refers to the fermentation process of nutrients and bacteria once added to the culture  until the end of the release of  in addition to air inlet and exhaust discharge  and external material exchange It is a common fermentation method used in fermentation of traditional biological products without any control other than temperature control and PH and ventilation The specific operation of batch fermentation is to first sterilize the seed tank with high-pressure steam empty tank, then put into the medium for high-pressure steam sterilization, and then plug in the shaker bottle, etc., pre-cultivated the seed for cultivation Prepare the main culture tank in the same procedure as the seed tank begins to be cultured For large fermentation tanks, the medium is generally sterilized not in the tank, but by a special sterilization device When seed culture reaches a certain amount of bacteria, it is transferred to the main fermentation tank The fermentation process to control the temperature and for oxygen-demand microorganisms also need to be stirred and ventilated At the end of the fermentation of the main tank, the fermentation liquid is sent to the extraction and refining section for post-treatment batch fermentation has the advantage of simple operation, low investment, short operating cycle, reduced opportunities for bacteria dyeing, production process, product quality is easy to control The disadvantage is that too much nutrients in the initial fermentation will inhibit the growth of microorganisms and the middle and late fermentation because of the reduction of nutrients and reduce the culture efficiency So far batch culture is a commonly used culture method widely used in a variety of fermentation processes third, continuous fermentation continuous fermentation refers to the addition of fresh media to the fermentation tank at a certain speed, and at the same rate of flow of culture liquid, so that the amount of liquid in the fermentation tank to maintain a constant, microorganisms in a stable state of growth The reactor used for continuous fermentation can be a mixing tank reactor or a tube reactor In the tank reactor, even if the added material does not contain bacteria, as long as the reactor contains a certain amount of bacteria, in a certain feed flow range can achieve steady-state operation There is no fundamental difference between the equipment for continuous fermentation of tanks and batch fermentation equipment, and the original fermentation tank can generally be modified According to the number of tanks used, the continuous fermentation system of the tank can be divided into single can continuous fermentation and multi-tank continuous fermentation span style"line-height: 1.5; span style"line-height: 1.5; The environmental conditions of microorganisms in a stable state: such as nutrient concentration, product concentration, PH, etc can be kept constant The concentration of microbial cells and their growth rate can also be maintained, and the growth rate can even be regulated as needed Compared with batch fermentation, the advantages of continuous fermentation are mainly manifested in the long-term continuous development and high production capacity The disadvantages are high operational control requirements, high investment, hybrid contamination, microbial strains span style"line-height: 1.5;"Continuous fermentation is rarely used in industrial fermentation, only in fermentation, which has a relatively stable genetic properties of the bacteria, such as alcohol fermentation At present, it is mainly used for laboratory fermentation dynamics research, such as the determination of fermentation dynamics parameters, process conditions optimization tests microbial fermentation process needs to pay attention to is the temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, stirring speed, ammonia ions, metal ions, nutrient concentration, such as the optimization control, different fermentation methods, fermentation items may be different from these conditions, at the same time, microbes in different stages of growth, different periods of production products, environmental conditions may have different requirements So understand the above information, we can know that there are many methods of fermentation process optimization, each method has a mutual connection In the same fermentation, is often a combination of multiple optimization methods, its purpose is to control fermentation, according to their own production of products, the design of different programs