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my country successfully cultivated a new double-cropping early japonica rice variety Zhongkefazaojing No. 1

 Last Update: 2021-07-31
 Source: Internet
 Author: User

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The average yield is 567.

Science and Technology Daily reporter Lu Chengkuan

Artificial throwing seedling planting, the actual harvested rice yield per mu is 530.
31 kg; the machine transplanting seedling planting, the actual harvested rice yield per mu is 613.
73 kg
.
The average yield of artificial seedling throwing planting fields and machine-transplanting seedling planting fields is 567.

64 kg per mu

On July 19, the new double-season early japonica rice variety "Zhongkefa Zaojing No.
1" will be held in Shanggao County, Jiangxi Province
.
In the 200 acres of demonstration field, the golden rice waves are rolling.

Under the four cultivation modes of machine transplanting, artificial transplanting, direct seeding and throwing seedlings, "Zhongkefazaojing No.

"This new variety has achieved the'zero breakthrough' of double-season early japonica rice in China, and filled the gap in double-season early japonica rice production in China.
This means that we can eat delicious new japonica rice a quarter ahead of schedule in the future.
a
.
"Fellow, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Li Yang joy

The new varieties of early japonica rice are the main grain supply "Serving the first bowl of rice"

China is the world's largest rice production country.
There are 13 provinces planting double-cropping early rice, all of which are distributed in low latitudes in the south
.

According to the national early rice production data released by the National Bureau of Statistics in 2020, the national early rice sown area is 71.
26 million mu, the national early rice output is 54.
6 billion jin, and the national early rice yield is 383 kg/mu
.

However, all the double-cropping early rice varieties in China are indica rice, and the current double-cropping early rice variety certification group established by the state is only the early indica group
.
Early indica rice is a southern indica rice variety that is sown in mid-to-late March and harvested in mid-to-late July

"Compared with early indica rice, japonica rice varieties grown in high latitude regions have obvious advantages such as strong stress resistance, superior plant type, superior rice quality, and good taste
.
" Li Jiayang said, accelerating the cultivation of excellent double-season early japonica varieties and their promotion The application can greatly improve the quality and commercial value of early rice, not only increase economic income for farmers, but also advance the shelf-life of high-quality new rice in China by 2-3 months

To this end, the team of Academician Li Jiayang used molecular precision design and breeding technology to make an important breakthrough in the cultivation of new double-cropping early japonica rice varieties
.

In 2020, they cultivated a new double-season early japonica variety "Zhongkefa Zaojing No.
1" in the early rice variety comparison test and multi-point test in Gaoan County, Jiangxi Province and Yongkang City, Zhejiang Province.
The average plant height is about 90 cm, and the average per ear is about 90 cm.
The total number of grains exceeds about 110 grains, the seed setting rate can reach more than 85%, the weight of 1,000 grains is about 26 grams, and the average yield per mu is more than 500 kilograms
.

"More than that, the new varieties have strong stress resistance, especially in terms of cold resistance at the seedling stage and resistance to panicle germination at the later stage.
The appearance of rice is excellent, and the main rice quality indicators meet the high-quality secondary rice standards
.
" Li Jiayang said, if the double-season early indica rice is used The variety is changed to a double-season early japonica rice variety, which can bring high-quality new rice to the market two to three months ahead of schedule, providing the first bowl of rice for China's staple food supply

Molecular precision design: "customizing" an ideal rice is not a dream

The new germplasm of "Zhongkefazaojing No.
1" has demonstrated a new direction for the improvement of high-quality rice in China, and has important scientific significance and application value
.
Behind the birth of the new germplasm, there is a strong technical support: precise molecular design and breeding

In Li Jiayang's words, "Molecular Precision Design" is like assembling a computer
.
"What kind of rice you want, by combining related rice genes, you can breed seeds that meet your needs

.
"

Compared with conventional breeding techniques, "Molecular Precision Design" breeding not only overcomes the shortcomings of long breeding cycle, high chance and low breeding efficiency, but also can accurately improve the shortcomings of current varieties and realize the aggregation of multiple excellent traits
.

At present, the team of academician Li Jiayang has ordered a number of "ideal rice" with many excellent traits such as high yield, high quality, high efficiency, and high resistance
.
The "Zhongkefa" series of new rice varieties in the northern rice region and the "Jiayou Zhongke" series of new rice varieties in the southern rice region have achieved efficient cultivation of high-yield, high-quality, and multi-resistant rice
.

Li Jiayang said that "precise design" of rice will not only help ensure the country's food security, but also help meet the "difficult to adjust" individual needs
.
China has a vast territory, the ecological environment and consumption preferences vary greatly, and the rice varieties required are also different
.

Currently, Li Jiayang and his team are trying to "customize" rice for special populations, such as high-resistant starch rice for diabetic people, to cultivate rice that meets individual needs
.

"I think China's rice breeding research is currently in the first phalanx in the world
.
" Li Jiayang said proudly
.
But he also said that there are still challenges
.
Although rice breeding materials have gathered most of the excellent traits, they still need to be upgraded and improved
.
At the same time, since China has not yet established relevant standards for gene editing breeding, the precise design of crops is still in the first stage and cannot be used in production
.

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