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 Home > Biochemistry News > Biotechnology News > Nature sub-journal: Plants rely on classical gene families to diversify their epigenomes

Nature sub-journal: Plants rely on classical gene families to diversify their epigenomes

 Last Update: 2022-01-24
 Source: Internet
 Author: User

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CLSY gene regulates DNA methylation patterns in Arabidopsis What determines how the cellular genome is regulated to ensure normal growth and development? It turns out that the parts of the genome that are turned on or off in each cell type or tissue play an important role in this process
.

Now, a team from Salk has shown that canonical gene families regulate which parts of the genome are turned off in a tissue-specific manner

"There are many observations that show that DNA methylation patterns differ in one cell or tissue type from another, but it is unclear how methylation pathways are regulated to produce different outcomes in different tissues," said senior author Julie Law, an associate professor in the Salk Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology
.

"We found that CLSYs expressed in a given tissue are the mechanisms that control how the core DNA methylation machinery is directed to different genomic locations in different tissues

DNA methylation is regulated by multiple factors, including certain types of small RNAs
.

By studying the model plant Arabidopsis, the Salk team discovered that the classical gene family ( CLSY 1-4) functions at different positions depending on the organization, revealing different patterns of methylation during plant development

The current work expands on a previous study by Law and her team that found that in Arabidopsis, the CLSY gene determines which sites in the genome are methylated through small RNAs
.

The current study addresses the larger question of whether this process leads to different methylation patterns in different Arabidopsis tissues: leaves, flower buds, ovules and rosettes

"For a long time, scientists have wondered how different DNA methylation patterns arise during plant development," said first author Ming Zhou, an assistant professor at Zhejiang University in China and a former postdoctoral researcher at the Law Lab
.

"Our discovery that different combinations of CLSY proteins exist in different tissues presents an opportunity to address this question

The researchers found that the expression of the CLSY gene varied by plant tissue type
.

For example, all four CLSY genes are expressed in flower buds, whereas CLSY3 is strongly expressed in ovules and CLSY1 is expressed in leaf and rosette tissues

The researchers then compared the plants with the mutated gene to wild-type plants
.

They found that, depending on the tissue, different combinations of CLSY family members, or even a single CLSY protein, control small RNA and DNA methylation patterns at thousands of sites across the genome

The team's findings could open the door to advances in many fields, from improving crop yields in plants to providing humans with precise medical information
.

"Until we understand how the diversity of DNA methylation patterns arises during development, we did not have the ability to manipulate this system

DOI: 10.

1038/s41467-021-27690-x

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