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Written | nagashi editor | Wang Cong typesetting | In modern society, with the increasing pressure of work, life and study, negative emotions such as anxiety torture our bodies.
Have you accidentally found yourself in the mirror? When I started, my complexion became weak, my hair was withered and sparse, and my hairline moved unknowingly? Research surveys show that hundreds of millions of men, women and even children suffer from hair loss worldwide.
Among them, many factors can cause hair loss, such as heredity, aging, childbirth, cancer treatment, burns, and excessive stress.
More importantly, although hair loss does not cause serious health problems, it can seriously affect personal image, thereby impairing self-esteem and bringing emotional trauma.
In severe cases, it can even lead to depression.
This phenomenon is more common among young men and women.
Regrettably, despite the large number of people suffering from hair loss, there is currently no effective solution.
On March 31, 2021, the research team led by Professor Xu Yajie of Harvard University published a research paper titled: Corticosterone inhibits GAS6 to govern hair follicle stem-cell quiescence in the top international academic journal Nature [1].
This study showed through experiments in mice that when the level of the stress hormone corticosterone increases, the resting period of hair follicles will be prolonged and cannot be regenerated.
Conversely, if the level of corticosterone decreases, the hair follicle stem cells will be activated and new hair will start to grow.
This exciting research result is expected to be used to develop treatments for long-term stress-induced hair loss! Nature also released a review article entitled: Relax to grow more hair (Relax to grow more hair) from Professor Yi Rui of Northwestern University.
Professor Yi Rui commented: This study by Xu Yajie’s team shows that even under chronic stress, injecting GAS6 into the skin can restart hair growth in mice.
Human beings will inevitably feel pressure in modern life.
But maybe one day, at least by adding some GAS6 to overcome the negative effects of chronic stress on hair.
As early as January 22, 2020, Professor Xu Yajie and Dr.
Zhang Bing (currently a distinguished researcher of the School of Life Sciences of West Lake University) published a research paper titled: Hyperactivation of sympathetic nerves drives depletion of melanocyte stem cells in Nature [2].
The study showed that the sympathetic nervous system becomes highly active under stress and leads to the depletion of melanocyte stem cells, thereby revealing the specific causes of gray hair caused by stress.
Moreover, this research was also selected as Nature's top ten scientific discoveries in 2020, and was also rated as the most concerned paper in 2020.
From this point of view, long-term, continuous exposure to stress can profoundly affect the body's tissue homeostasis, although the mechanism of these changes is still largely unknown.
Based on this, the research team led by Professor Xu Yajie further studied whether stress can inhibit hair regrowth and its specific mechanism.
In this study, the research team first explored the effect of stress hormones from the adrenal glands on hair regeneration.
The researchers surgically removed the two adrenal glands of the mice on the 35th day after birth, and used sham-operated mice as Control group.
They found that the hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) of the mice with the adrenal glands removed can continue to enter the growth phase, while the hair follicle resting period of the control mice becomes longer and longer as the mice age.
Compared with the sham operation control group, the hair regeneration ability of the mice with the adrenal gland removed is stronger.
It is worth noting that the adrenal gland can produce a variety of hormones, including cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and aldosterone. The researchers quantified the levels of these hormones and found that corticosterone showed the most significant drop in the adrenal gland removed mice-almost undetectable compared to control mice.
This result indicates that corticosterone secreted by the adrenal glands can act as a key regulator to inhibit hair follicle stem cells from continuing to enter the growth phase.
Corticosterone secreted by the adrenal glands can regulate the resting period of hair follicle stem cells.
Further experiments have shown that when the level of corticosterone in mice increases, the resting period of hair follicles will be prolonged and hair cannot be regenerated.
In contrast, when the level of corticosterone in the mouse decreases, the hair follicle stem cells will be activated and start to grow new hair.
In order to explore how corticosterone affects the molecular changes of hair follicle stem cells, the researchers performed RNA sequencing on hair follicle stem cells from different experimental groups purified by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS).
Among the candidate secreted factors selected, a gene encoding a specific growth inhibitory factor—GAS6 was expressed in large amounts and was significantly up-regulated.
Cortisol controls the regeneration of hair follicle stem cells by inhibiting GAS6.
In this regard, Professor Xu Yajie said that corticosterone can inhibit the activation of hair follicle stem cells by inhibiting the production of GAS6 protein.
In the absence of corticosterone, GAS6 protein has been proven Can promote the proliferation of hair follicle stem cells.
Therefore, restoring the expression of GAS6 protein may be able to reverse the stress-induced suppression of hair follicle stem cells, which is expected to promote hair regeneration! All in all, this study shows that cortisol, the stress hormone caused by stress, can control the resting period of hair follicle stem cells by inhibiting GAS6, thereby revealing the specific mechanism of "stress causing hair loss".
More importantly, this research result reminds us that hair follicle stem cells have a strong ability to regenerate, and it is expected that new treatments for hair loss based on corticosterone-GAS6 signaling pathway will be developed in the future! References: 1.
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41586-021-03417-22.
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41586-020-1935-3 is open for reprinting Can
Have you accidentally found yourself in the mirror? When I started, my complexion became weak, my hair was withered and sparse, and my hairline moved unknowingly? Research surveys show that hundreds of millions of men, women and even children suffer from hair loss worldwide.
Among them, many factors can cause hair loss, such as heredity, aging, childbirth, cancer treatment, burns, and excessive stress.
More importantly, although hair loss does not cause serious health problems, it can seriously affect personal image, thereby impairing self-esteem and bringing emotional trauma.
In severe cases, it can even lead to depression.
This phenomenon is more common among young men and women.
Regrettably, despite the large number of people suffering from hair loss, there is currently no effective solution.
On March 31, 2021, the research team led by Professor Xu Yajie of Harvard University published a research paper titled: Corticosterone inhibits GAS6 to govern hair follicle stem-cell quiescence in the top international academic journal Nature [1].
This study showed through experiments in mice that when the level of the stress hormone corticosterone increases, the resting period of hair follicles will be prolonged and cannot be regenerated.
Conversely, if the level of corticosterone decreases, the hair follicle stem cells will be activated and new hair will start to grow.
This exciting research result is expected to be used to develop treatments for long-term stress-induced hair loss! Nature also released a review article entitled: Relax to grow more hair (Relax to grow more hair) from Professor Yi Rui of Northwestern University.
Professor Yi Rui commented: This study by Xu Yajie’s team shows that even under chronic stress, injecting GAS6 into the skin can restart hair growth in mice.
Human beings will inevitably feel pressure in modern life.
But maybe one day, at least by adding some GAS6 to overcome the negative effects of chronic stress on hair.
As early as January 22, 2020, Professor Xu Yajie and Dr.
Zhang Bing (currently a distinguished researcher of the School of Life Sciences of West Lake University) published a research paper titled: Hyperactivation of sympathetic nerves drives depletion of melanocyte stem cells in Nature [2].
The study showed that the sympathetic nervous system becomes highly active under stress and leads to the depletion of melanocyte stem cells, thereby revealing the specific causes of gray hair caused by stress.
Moreover, this research was also selected as Nature's top ten scientific discoveries in 2020, and was also rated as the most concerned paper in 2020.
From this point of view, long-term, continuous exposure to stress can profoundly affect the body's tissue homeostasis, although the mechanism of these changes is still largely unknown.
Based on this, the research team led by Professor Xu Yajie further studied whether stress can inhibit hair regrowth and its specific mechanism.
In this study, the research team first explored the effect of stress hormones from the adrenal glands on hair regeneration.
The researchers surgically removed the two adrenal glands of the mice on the 35th day after birth, and used sham-operated mice as Control group.
They found that the hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) of the mice with the adrenal glands removed can continue to enter the growth phase, while the hair follicle resting period of the control mice becomes longer and longer as the mice age.
Compared with the sham operation control group, the hair regeneration ability of the mice with the adrenal gland removed is stronger.
It is worth noting that the adrenal gland can produce a variety of hormones, including cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and aldosterone. The researchers quantified the levels of these hormones and found that corticosterone showed the most significant drop in the adrenal gland removed mice-almost undetectable compared to control mice.
This result indicates that corticosterone secreted by the adrenal glands can act as a key regulator to inhibit hair follicle stem cells from continuing to enter the growth phase.
Corticosterone secreted by the adrenal glands can regulate the resting period of hair follicle stem cells.
Further experiments have shown that when the level of corticosterone in mice increases, the resting period of hair follicles will be prolonged and hair cannot be regenerated.
In contrast, when the level of corticosterone in the mouse decreases, the hair follicle stem cells will be activated and start to grow new hair.
In order to explore how corticosterone affects the molecular changes of hair follicle stem cells, the researchers performed RNA sequencing on hair follicle stem cells from different experimental groups purified by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS).
Among the candidate secreted factors selected, a gene encoding a specific growth inhibitory factor—GAS6 was expressed in large amounts and was significantly up-regulated.
Cortisol controls the regeneration of hair follicle stem cells by inhibiting GAS6.
In this regard, Professor Xu Yajie said that corticosterone can inhibit the activation of hair follicle stem cells by inhibiting the production of GAS6 protein.
In the absence of corticosterone, GAS6 protein has been proven Can promote the proliferation of hair follicle stem cells.
Therefore, restoring the expression of GAS6 protein may be able to reverse the stress-induced suppression of hair follicle stem cells, which is expected to promote hair regeneration! All in all, this study shows that cortisol, the stress hormone caused by stress, can control the resting period of hair follicle stem cells by inhibiting GAS6, thereby revealing the specific mechanism of "stress causing hair loss".
More importantly, this research result reminds us that hair follicle stem cells have a strong ability to regenerate, and it is expected that new treatments for hair loss based on corticosterone-GAS6 signaling pathway will be developed in the future! References: 1.
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41586-021-03417-22.
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41586-020-1935-3 is open for reprinting Can
