NEJM: Vitamin D3 supplementation does not reduce the risk of mycobacteria tuberculosis infection.

!---- vitamin D metabolites have an innate immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis, and researchers recently conducted a Phase III study to examine the efficacy of vitamin D supplements in preventing TB infectionQFT-negative children were randomly given a weekly oral dose of 14,000 IU of vitamin D3 or placebo for 3 yearsthe primary endpoint of thestudy was the proportion of children with QFT-positive results during follow-up, and secondary results included serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25?OH)D levels at the end of the trial, as well as tuberculosis, acute respiratory infections, and adverse events8,851 children participated in the study, of which 4,418 were in the vitamin D3 intervention group, 4,433 were in the placebo group, and 95.6% of children had serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels below 20 ng/mL at baselineDuringfollow-up, 147 children in the vitamin D3 intervention group tested positive for QFT, and 134 in the placebo group (3.6% vs 3.3%, HR 1.10)vitamin D3 intervention group serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level s31.0 ng/mL, placebo group 20.3 ng/mL21 children in the vitamin D3 intervention group developed tuberculosis and 25 in the placebo group (RR-0.86)The difference in other adverse event rates betweengroups was not significantstudies suggest that vitamin D3 deficiency areasvitamin D3 supplementation does not reduce the risk of mycobacteria tuberculosis infection, tuberculosis and acute respiratory infections.