Nutrition interferes with metabolism, and the flora becomes the "commander"

Nutrition interferes with metabolism, and the flora becomes the "commander"

Nutrition intervenes in metabolism, and the flora acts as the "commander" Nutrition intervenes in metabolism, and the flora acts as the "commander"

One of the important functions of the intestinal flora is to metabolize various nutrients and exogenous substances
.

Its metabolic capacity even exceeds that of human cells, and the bioactive metabolites produced can directly or indirectly affect the physiological functions of the host

Researchers Lin Xu and Chen Yan from the Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Academy of Sciences collaborated for the first time through a clinical nutrition intervention study and found that peanuts instead of refined grains can increase the reversal rate of metabolic syndrome, and found that intestinal flora is guiding precision nutrition intervention to improve metabolism.
Plays an important role in the syndrome
.

Related research has been published in "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition" and "Molecular Nutrition and Food Research"

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Peanut Reversal Metabolic Syndrome

Peanut Reversal Metabolic Syndrome

Peanuts are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, plant protein, fiber, polyphenols and other biologically active substances, and are widely cultivated and eaten worldwide
.

Observational studies suggest that the intake of peanuts can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and the intake of highly refined grains is closely related to the high risk of cardiovascular disease

Metabolic syndrome is a metabolic disorder caused by a combination of cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk factors such as abdominal obesity, elevated fasting blood glucose, lipid disorders, or elevated blood pressure.
It significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease
.

"Timely intervention and reversal of the metabolic syndrome can move the'window" of prevention of these diseases forward
.

" Chinese Academy of Sciences researcher at Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Lin Xu of" China Science News "said," with peanut replace refined grains may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome risk groups, however, had previously been a lack of evidence of clinical intervention

Chinese Academy of Sciences

In a 12-week randomized controlled clinical intervention study, the team recruited 224 volunteers with or at high risk of metabolic syndrome and randomly assigned them to the peanut intervention group or control group
.

During the intervention period, volunteers in the peanut intervention group ate a small packet (28 g/pack) of lightly salted roasted peanuts each day for lunch and one hour before dinner, while volunteers in the control group ate a portion of refined roasted peanuts with energy equivalent to roasted peanuts.

"Analyzing the data before and after the intervention of the volunteers in each group, we found that the rate of metabolic syndrome reversal (that is, the metabolic syndrome was not met after the intervention) was significantly higher in the volunteers in the peanut intervention group than in the control group volunteers
.

"Lin Xu said," and volunteers peanut intervention group was originally part at high risk of metabolic syndrome, reducing the proportion of the number of risk factors is also higher than that

In addition, the researchers found that although peanuts have a higher fat content, the 12-week peanut intake did not increase the volunteers' weight, and even reduced their body weight to a certain extent
.

Based on this judgment, replacing part of the refined grain intake with an appropriate amount of peanuts can improve the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in high-risk groups without gaining weight

Pay attention to the "super symbiote"

Pay attention to the "super symbiote"

It has been found that different individuals respond differently to the same food, which is reflected in the blood sugar after a meal and the effect of disease intervention
.

The latest research suggests that even identical twins may respond differently to the same food, indicating that this difference cannot be explained by genes alone

"Now we realize that the important reason is that the microbiota in the intestines of different individuals is different
.
" Wang Shuo, the first author of the paper, told the Chinese Journal of Science.
"Therefore, people should consider themselves when choosing food or nutritional interventions.
Regarded as a "super symbiote" of humans and microorganisms, it optimizes health or prevents, manages, and treats diseases through personalized nutritional support.
This is precision diet or individualized nutrition
.
"

Researchers use the collection and analysis of intestinal flora to correlate the flora information with clinical indicators
.
It was found that the changes of clinical test indexes and physical measurement indexes after peanut intervention showed a high degree of individual variability
.
Through the analysis of the composition of the intestinal flora of the population, the study found that the structure of the flora has a high degree of individual specificity, whether it is a comparison between groups or before and after comparisons within a group, and the consistency of changes in its composition is less
.

A large number of studies have shown that the intestinal flora is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases, such as metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, mental diseases, nervous system diseases, respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, autoimmune diseases and tumors, etc.

.
In the nutritional intervention or treatment of many diseases, the intestinal flora also plays a vital role
.

"In addition, the intestinal flora also has a certain effect on drug metabolism and toxicity
.
" Wang Shuo said, "A lot of evidence shows that the individual differences in the therapeutic effects of many drugs are related to the intestinal flora.
For example, in the immunotherapy of tumors, The composition of the intestinal flora not only affects the efficacy, but certain specific probiotics can also enhance the effect of immunotherapy, and at the same time alleviate side effects such as intestinal inflammation caused by immunotherapy
.
"

Machine learning shows its advantages

Machine learning shows its advantages

Intestinal microbes are a huge ecosystem, which is closely related to the body's metabolism and the occurrence and development of many metabolic-related diseases.
However, the amount of sequencing data is huge, which brings great difficulty to research and analysis.

.

"In recent years, based on machine learning algorithms to analyze the flora information, classify and predict the flora data of each sample, and screen out some valuable marker groups, in predicting the individual's response to dietary intervention and predicting the individual It has become a very powerful bioinformatics method for the treatment of certain diseases
.
" Wang Shuo said, "It will also bring important guidance for the implementation of personalized nutrition and precision medicine strategies based on intestinal flora in the future.
Meaning
.
"

In view of the differences in population response to peanut intervention, researchers divided the peanut intervention group into responders and non-responders based on the before and after improvement of each metabolic-related index and the reversal of the risk of metabolic syndrome
.

Using machine learning algorithms to study the characteristics of the bacterial population sequencing data of the samples before the intervention, a response prediction model for each indicator and the overall risk reversal of the metabolic syndrome was established
.
Researchers tested 9 clinical indicators such as body weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, etc.
, and found that the prediction model of 6 indicators achieved the expected results, especially in diastolic blood pressure and body weight.
The prediction of intervention effect reached a high degree of accuracy
.
In addition, the overall risk reversal of metabolic syndrome can also achieve a better prediction effect through the established model
.

"This research highlights the key role of intestinal flora in guiding precision nutrition
.
" Chen Yan, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told the Chinese Journal of Science.
Big data information is used to predict and design personalized diet and precision medical programs, thereby effectively adjusting the body's metabolism and intervening in the treatment of diseases
.
"

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Wang Shuo said that in addition to peanut intervention, many functional foods or diet patterns may use information such as flora to establish a predictive model for the response to metabolic syndrome
.
On the other hand, other diseases related to the flora may also establish corresponding prediction models
.

"We also hope that in the future there will be more large samples, long-term, high-quality studies to fully explore the interaction between diet, microbes and human metabolism
.
" Wang Shuo said, "Although microbiome analysis is currently used for Individualized diet and precision medical solutions still face many challenges, but we believe that personalized nutritional therapy based on intestinal flora information will be an indispensable part of the future prevention and treatment of diseases
.
"

"This study reveals the key position of intestinal flora in precision nutrition interventions to improve metabolism and treat disease strategies.
It is a follow-up study using intestinal flora as a functional food or drug target, or to carry out larger-scale precision nutrition.
Intervention and clinical application provide new ideas and theoretical basis
.
" Chen Yan said
.
(Source: Zhang Shuanghu, China Science News)

Related paper information: https://doi.
org/10.
1093/ajcn/nqaa307

https://doi.
org/10.
1093/ajcn/nqaa307 https://doi.
org/10.
1093/ajcn/nqaa307