Out of Africa, Expanding Global ——The Kunming Institute of Flora has made new progress in the biogeographical research of Amanita sheath Amanita group

The genesis of modern distribution patterns of species is an important evolutionary biological question
.
Much has been done on plants and animals, but little has been done on fungi
.
Amanita belongs to the Amanita group (Amanita sect Vaginatae) fungus is an ectomycorrhizal fungus, which forms a symbiotic relationship with plants such as legumes, dipterocarps, myrtle, conchocarinaceae and pines, which not only has important ecological value, but also has important scientific value
for revealing the origin, evolution and spread of species.

The research team led by Yang Zhuliang, a researcher at the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has long been engaged in the study
of macrofungal diversity and molecular evolution.
On the basis of extensive sampling and cooperation with domestic and foreign counterparts, Jean Evans I.
Codjia, a doctoral student supervised by Yang Zhuliang, used samples from Africa, Oceania, Europe, Asia, North and South America, based on more than 200 species and 4 gene fragments ().
nrLSU, rpb2, tef1-α, β-tubulin), constructed the phylogeny of the Amanita sheath group of the genus, reconstructed the ancestral distribution area, and found that the group may have originated in Africa from the Late Paleocene to the Early Eocene (about 56 Ma), and then spread from Africa to Southeast Asia, and the ancestors of the species of Southeast Asia later spread northeast through the Bering Land Bridge to North America, It then reaches the northern Andes, south to Australia and New Zealand, and northwest to Europe
.
At 45–36 Ma, the ancestors of the Amanita sheath spread transoceanically from Africa to the Amazon plain and from the Amazon plain to the Caribbean at
25–20 ma.
Although the Amanita group and its sister group Amanita group (Amanita sect Caesareae) has a similar evolutionary history, but the species of Amanita sheato have stronger dispersal ability and stronger adaptability to new environments, the northern temperate clade species differentiation rate is faster, and the neotropical clade has a conservation of
ecological niches.