Progress was made in the study of different functions in the selection of different sub-regions of the frontal frontal leaf

Recently, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences published a research paper online entitled "Evidence accumulation of the pre-frontal cortical cortical layer in the calculation of value choices".
the study was completed by Yang Tianming, a researcher at the Center for Brain Science and Intelligent Technology Excellence and Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (The Institute of Neuroscience) and the Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
researchers trained macaques to perform a value-based choice based on evidence of uncertain information, and recorded single-cell electrophysiology in two important sub-regions of the frontal frontal leaf as the macaques made their choices.
study found that in the process of value selection, the pre-cortical cortical layer encodes only the value information carried by a single evidence at the visual feature level, and the outer frontal frontal leaf region encodes not only the accumulation of evidence at the motion level, but also the conversion of individual evidence from visual features to motion-related information.
study is helpful to understand the role of different sub-regions of the pre-pre-cortical cortical layer in value-based choice tasks.
to judge the value of different options is a key step in the choice.
recent years, the pre-pre-cortical cortical layer, especially the pre-cortical cortical layer, has been thought to play an important role in value-based selection tasks.
However, it was not clear to the academic community whether there was a value calculation link unrelated to the final motor output in the process of calculating value in the brain, especially in the pre-frontal sub-regions involved in value calculation.
researchers trained macaques to perform a delicate choice task.
macaques are asked to look at four pictures that appear in turn, choosing between a red dot and a green dot by moving the eye's gaze point.
the information carried by the four images informs the macaques of the probability that red and green spots will be rewarded, i.e. their value.
red or green target points appear randomly on the left or right side of the screen in each experiment, while the picture carries only color-related value information (Figure A).
the loop in the brain that calculates eye movements uses spatial coordinates, so the value information given in the picture about red and green dots needs to be translated into value information about left or right eye movement.
These two kinds of value information, one at the color characteristic level, one at the motion level, and the pre-cortical cortical layer in the process of information accumulation in the selection, at which level to calculate and how to transform the two value information, become the key to the study (Figure B).
researchers used single-cell electrophysiological recording to record the activity of neurons in the frontal and back of two macaques, respectively.
to analyze the encoding properties of the electrical activity of neurons to different value variables, the researchers applied an analytical method based on linear regression and casso regression to the activity of group neurons. the
study found that the neurons of the prelepsia encoded only color-related value information carried by a single evidence, without accumulating it, and that neurons in the outer frontal cortical layer of the back not only encoded the accumulation of evidence at the action level (Figure C), but also encoded in the form of information carried by a single evidence, from color characteristic correlation to action-related conversion processes.
process of value accumulation and calculation does not exist in neither brain region independent of the intermediate calculation link of motion information.
the study overturns the current popular view in the academic community.
the integration and accumulation of value information in the pre-cortical cortical layer, on the contrary, the evidence accumulates at the action level through neurons in the frontal cortical layer on the top side of the back.
The difference in value coding between the two brain region neurons suggests how the frontal and back frontal frontal flaps work together to calculate the value information in the selection, prompting researchers to rethink the function of the divisions of the pre-frontal exleps in the process of value-based selection.
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