Researchers unlock the genetic map and adaptive genetic evolution of East Asian populations in the Ice Age

Speaking of the ice age tens of thousands of years ago, we will think of the ancient human images in the animated film series "Ice Age" and the cartoon images of extinct animals such as mammoths and saber-toothed tigers that coexisted with them at that time.

On May 27th, the team of Fu Qiaomei, a researcher from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the research group of Professor Zhang Hucai of Yunnan University (Mao Xiaowei, associate researcher of the Institute of Paleospine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, was the first author of the paper, and Fu Qiaomei and Zhang Hucai were the correspondence of the paper The author) cooperated and published a research paper entitled The deep population history of northern East Asia from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene on Cell.

1.

The research used the most cutting-edge ancient genome experimental technology to obtain the ancient genome data of 25 early human samples from 33000-3400 years ago in Heilongjiang Province in Northeast my country (11 of which are more than 10,000 years old, Figure 2), covering the entire The last glacial maximum filled the relevant time gap in the genetic history of the populations of northern East Asia.

2.

The study pointed out that the genetic composition of the AR33K individuals living before the last glacial maximum and about 33,000 years ago is similar to that of the Tianyuandong people 40,000 years ago.

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To further explore how climate change during the Last Glacial Maximum affects the populations of northern East Asia, the researchers analyzed the ancient genomes of AR19K individuals that lived at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum, 19,000 years ago.

4.

After the last ice age, what about the flow of people in northern East Asia? The study obtained the genome data of 16 individuals in Heilongjiang after the last glacial maximum (approximately 14,000 to 9,000 years ago) and found that the genetic continuity of the population in the Heilongjiang River Basin may have begun as early as 14,000 years ago, which is higher than the previous hypothesis.

5.

Researchers explored the adaptive genetic variation in the populations of northern East Asia.

With the continuous advancement of ancient genome technology and genetic analysis methods, as well as the development of multilateral and interdisciplinary cooperation between domestic professional teams and archaeological institutions, ancient genome research for East Asian populations has ushered in a moment of rapid development.