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Ribosome assembly is a complicated process
.
As shown in the figure above, the early stage of assembly occurs in the nucleolus, which is a structure deep in the nucleus
Source: Arnaud Vanden Broeck
All cells need ribosomes to make proteins necessary for life
.
These multi-component molecular machines splice the building blocks together according to the instructions encoded by the cell messenger RNA to build complex proteins
In a new study, scientists in Sebastian Klinge's laboratory provided the most detailed 3D portraits of human small ribosomal subunits by capturing 3D images of human small ribosomal subunits at three different stages of the assembly process.
To understand how human small ribosomal subunits are assembled together
.
The results of the research were published in the journal Science
"The assembly of ribosomes is like origami," said Collinger, an associate professor and head of the Laboratory of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
.
"RNA fragments and other proteins must be precisely folded in precise steps
In this study, the researchers developed a human gene editing platform for labeling ribosomal assembly factors, and established a new biochemical procedure to overcome the obstacle of extracting ribosomal precursor particles from the structural nucleoli in the nucleus
.
These particles are then imaged with a cryo-electron microscope to reveal their structure at close to atomic resolution
These findings detail how about 70 assembly factors come together to create a scaffold for the construction of small subunits and guide each step of its maturity
.
Once their work is completed, the assembly factors will split, releasing their internal mature small subunits
The three stages captured in the study provide a better understanding of the key molecular mechanisms that lead to the formation of small subunits
.
These findings also provide new insights into rare human diseases caused by mutations in ribosomal proteins or assembly factors during ribosome assembly
DOI
10.
Article title
Nucleolar maturation of the human small subunit processome
