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This is not a mutant strain of the new crown, but two new coronaviruses that can infect humans
.
Written | Jiang Feixiong While the whole world is focusing on coping with COVID-19, the coronavirus family continues to be busy
.
Recently, both Science and Nature have sounded new alarms-in addition to COVID-19, the coronavirus family has emerged with two new new viruses that can infect humans
.
According to Science's report, the electron microscope picture shows a new coronavirus isolated from a child in Malaysia.
There are many types of coronaviruses in nature.
In the past, there are only 7 types of coronaviruses that have been confirmed to infect humans, including SARS, MERS and COVID-19
.
Recently, two were discovered at once, which aroused considerable attention
.
The first type was found in children with pneumonia in Malaysia, and the second type was isolated from children with acute unexplained fever in Haiti
.
The new coronaviruses are divided into four categories, Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Deltacoronavirus and Gammacoronavirus.
The ones found in Malaysia belong to the first category.
Alpha coronaviruses, isolated from children in Haiti, belong to the Delta category-which was thought to only infect birds.
A classification
.
At present, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV, which are the most famous among humans, belong to the Beta category
.
Coronavirus in Malaysia is a 4-in-1 "monster" Malaysia's new coronavirus was found in hospitalized children with pneumonia in Malaysia-8 patients were younger than 5 years old, and 4 of them were babies
.
I usually live in long houses in rural Sarawak, Malaysia.
The researchers judged that the mixed living of humans and animals in the local rural areas may have caused this coronavirus to infect humans from animals
.
Longhouse photos taken by tourists, but the exact path of infection is not clear, because this coronavirus is a four-in-one chimera (Chimera), which combines three kinds of animal origin from dogs, cats and pigs.
The virus comes from four different strains
.
This is also the concern of other virus researchers, because under normal circumstances, chimeras often lack the ability to infect humans due to their own structural problems, while this new chimera has the ability to infect humans
.
Benjamin Neuman, a virologist at Texas A&M University, believes that this chimera coronavirus is a "monster", and pointed out that it was never formed overnight.
The formation of such a "monster" is the repeated occurrence of coronavirus in places where we cannot see it.
It is caused by long-term mutual integration, and we only discovered it "suddenly" when we observed it accidentally
.
In fact, the local hospitals admitted to treating pneumonia did not specifically detect animal-derived coronaviruses, so these patients were not found to be infected with the new coronavirus until the researchers conducted scientific research
.
The author of the paper also pointed out that this ability to infect people is not produced in a short period of time.
It is the long-term dynamic change of the coronavirus, which continuously combines and mutates, and gradually evolved.
Therefore, he hopes that the world can strengthen the dynamic monitoring of the coronavirus
.
The virus was named CCoV-HuPn-2018 in the paper (the patient was admitted to the hospital in 2017-2018).
So far, no evidence of human-to-human transmission has been found, and children with pneumonia eventually recovered
.
Science pointed out that the Alpha virus is not very virulent, so it is easy to infect infants and young children.
Adults rarely get hospitalized because of Alpha virus infection
.
However, there are still virologists reminding that because the coronavirus may continue to mutate in the host, it is necessary to be wary of the risk of this newly discovered chimera evolving from human to human
.
Coronavirus in Haiti is difficult to monitor.
Another newly discovered coronavirus that infects humans is also isolated from children-but researchers cannot be sure that it mainly infects children
.
Since this type of coronavirus belongs to the Delta classification, it has long been believed that the Delta type of coronavirus only infects birds, so it has not received much attention from clinical infectious diseases
.
In 2012, the virus was reported in Hong Kong for the first time and found that it had jumped from birds to pigs
.
This virus can spread rapidly in pigs, cause diarrhea, and can cause death in young pigs
.
Haiti wiped out the local pig herd due to swine flu in the 1980s, and later introduced new pig breeds from countries such as the United States and Canada
.
The virus was discovered this time because a public welfare project that the researchers participated in in Haiti included free medical services in local schools
.
During the period 2012-2020, among the pediatric patients they received, diarrhea, respiratory infections and high fever without a specific cause occurred more frequently
.
Beginning in May 2014, they began to retain tissue samples from children with unspecified high fever.
In this batch of samples, they screened three children with the Delta virus, which should only be transmitted in birds and pigs.
, Hu-PDCoV
.
Of the three children, two lived in the countryside close to the city, and one lived in the mountainous area far from the city.
According to the researcher’s investigation, from the perspective of the living environment, all three children had difficulty in contact with pigs, so it was impossible to confirm that the virus was From what kind of host it was transmitted to them, it is impossible to confirm whether it is caused by human-to-human transmission
.
In the process of genetic comparison of the viruses, they found that the three infected virus strains were from pigs in different regions, some from Tianjin, China, and some from Arkansas, USA, and they may have spread to Haiti independently.
Infect patients
.
Researchers therefore believe that this virus spreads very quickly among animals
.
In addition to fever, the three children also had a cough, but no diarrhea was reported, only abdominal pain symptoms were recorded
.
Researchers estimate that this virus is also not very virulent, but it is impossible to determine the extent of its prevalence in Haiti
.
In the current new crown epidemic, Haiti has a high rate of new crown infection, but the number of severe cases reported is low
.
The researchers speculated that it may be due to the early epidemic of coronaviruses such as Hu-PDCoV in Haiti.
The local people have developed immunity to the coronavirus, thus reducing the incidence of severe illness.
However, the population structure of Haiti is young, which may also be the reason for the lack of reports of severe patients.
.
The paper itself believes that Hu-PDCoV cannot pose a major threat to human health for the time being, but the coronavirus expert at Ohio State University and Linda Saif, who isolated the Delta coronavirus from pigs that year, pointed out that they will go to Haiti for local testing.
Antibodies for adults and children are very necessary.
If it can be confirmed that this virus can indeed infect people, it can be regarded as a threat that can trigger a pandemic
.
In response to these two new findings, Science pointed out that comparing the cross-species attributes of the coronavirus and its different infectivity between species (for example, the same type of coronavirus can be safe in birds, but pigs can be fatal if infected), humans Attention and research on the coronavirus is very lacking
.
Reference 1.
Anthony King.
Two more coronaviruses can infect people, studies suggest.
doi:10.
1126/science.
abj55042.
Emergence of porcine delta-coronavirus pathogenic infections among children in Haiti through independent zoonoses and convergent evolution doi: https://doi .
org/10.
1101/2021.
03.
19.
212533913.
Novel Canine Coronavirus Isolated from a Hospitalized Pneumonia Patient, East Malaysia.
Clinical Infectious Diseases Source: Medical editor in charge: Zheng Huaju Proofreading: Zang Hengjia Edition: Shu Qian's wonderful review of 19 deaths and 557 diagnoses in one day For example, the new crown makes Taiwan’s medical system "collapse imminent" the first phase III clinical data of the new crown inactivated vaccine is released.
What is the difference between the various vaccines? proved! The new coronavirus can trigger the ADE effect, and the natural immunity of the population will go bankrupt
.
Written | Jiang Feixiong While the whole world is focusing on coping with COVID-19, the coronavirus family continues to be busy
.
Recently, both Science and Nature have sounded new alarms-in addition to COVID-19, the coronavirus family has emerged with two new new viruses that can infect humans
.
According to Science's report, the electron microscope picture shows a new coronavirus isolated from a child in Malaysia.
There are many types of coronaviruses in nature.
In the past, there are only 7 types of coronaviruses that have been confirmed to infect humans, including SARS, MERS and COVID-19
.
Recently, two were discovered at once, which aroused considerable attention
.
The first type was found in children with pneumonia in Malaysia, and the second type was isolated from children with acute unexplained fever in Haiti
.
The new coronaviruses are divided into four categories, Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Deltacoronavirus and Gammacoronavirus.
The ones found in Malaysia belong to the first category.
Alpha coronaviruses, isolated from children in Haiti, belong to the Delta category-which was thought to only infect birds.
A classification
.
At present, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV, which are the most famous among humans, belong to the Beta category
.
Coronavirus in Malaysia is a 4-in-1 "monster" Malaysia's new coronavirus was found in hospitalized children with pneumonia in Malaysia-8 patients were younger than 5 years old, and 4 of them were babies
.
I usually live in long houses in rural Sarawak, Malaysia.
The researchers judged that the mixed living of humans and animals in the local rural areas may have caused this coronavirus to infect humans from animals
.
Longhouse photos taken by tourists, but the exact path of infection is not clear, because this coronavirus is a four-in-one chimera (Chimera), which combines three kinds of animal origin from dogs, cats and pigs.
The virus comes from four different strains
.
This is also the concern of other virus researchers, because under normal circumstances, chimeras often lack the ability to infect humans due to their own structural problems, while this new chimera has the ability to infect humans
.
Benjamin Neuman, a virologist at Texas A&M University, believes that this chimera coronavirus is a "monster", and pointed out that it was never formed overnight.
The formation of such a "monster" is the repeated occurrence of coronavirus in places where we cannot see it.
It is caused by long-term mutual integration, and we only discovered it "suddenly" when we observed it accidentally
.
In fact, the local hospitals admitted to treating pneumonia did not specifically detect animal-derived coronaviruses, so these patients were not found to be infected with the new coronavirus until the researchers conducted scientific research
.
The author of the paper also pointed out that this ability to infect people is not produced in a short period of time.
It is the long-term dynamic change of the coronavirus, which continuously combines and mutates, and gradually evolved.
Therefore, he hopes that the world can strengthen the dynamic monitoring of the coronavirus
.
The virus was named CCoV-HuPn-2018 in the paper (the patient was admitted to the hospital in 2017-2018).
So far, no evidence of human-to-human transmission has been found, and children with pneumonia eventually recovered
.
Science pointed out that the Alpha virus is not very virulent, so it is easy to infect infants and young children.
Adults rarely get hospitalized because of Alpha virus infection
.
However, there are still virologists reminding that because the coronavirus may continue to mutate in the host, it is necessary to be wary of the risk of this newly discovered chimera evolving from human to human
.
Coronavirus in Haiti is difficult to monitor.
Another newly discovered coronavirus that infects humans is also isolated from children-but researchers cannot be sure that it mainly infects children
.
Since this type of coronavirus belongs to the Delta classification, it has long been believed that the Delta type of coronavirus only infects birds, so it has not received much attention from clinical infectious diseases
.
In 2012, the virus was reported in Hong Kong for the first time and found that it had jumped from birds to pigs
.
This virus can spread rapidly in pigs, cause diarrhea, and can cause death in young pigs
.
Haiti wiped out the local pig herd due to swine flu in the 1980s, and later introduced new pig breeds from countries such as the United States and Canada
.
The virus was discovered this time because a public welfare project that the researchers participated in in Haiti included free medical services in local schools
.
During the period 2012-2020, among the pediatric patients they received, diarrhea, respiratory infections and high fever without a specific cause occurred more frequently
.
Beginning in May 2014, they began to retain tissue samples from children with unspecified high fever.
In this batch of samples, they screened three children with the Delta virus, which should only be transmitted in birds and pigs.
, Hu-PDCoV
.
Of the three children, two lived in the countryside close to the city, and one lived in the mountainous area far from the city.
According to the researcher’s investigation, from the perspective of the living environment, all three children had difficulty in contact with pigs, so it was impossible to confirm that the virus was From what kind of host it was transmitted to them, it is impossible to confirm whether it is caused by human-to-human transmission
.
In the process of genetic comparison of the viruses, they found that the three infected virus strains were from pigs in different regions, some from Tianjin, China, and some from Arkansas, USA, and they may have spread to Haiti independently.
Infect patients
.
Researchers therefore believe that this virus spreads very quickly among animals
.
In addition to fever, the three children also had a cough, but no diarrhea was reported, only abdominal pain symptoms were recorded
.
Researchers estimate that this virus is also not very virulent, but it is impossible to determine the extent of its prevalence in Haiti
.
In the current new crown epidemic, Haiti has a high rate of new crown infection, but the number of severe cases reported is low
.
The researchers speculated that it may be due to the early epidemic of coronaviruses such as Hu-PDCoV in Haiti.
The local people have developed immunity to the coronavirus, thus reducing the incidence of severe illness.
However, the population structure of Haiti is young, which may also be the reason for the lack of reports of severe patients.
.
The paper itself believes that Hu-PDCoV cannot pose a major threat to human health for the time being, but the coronavirus expert at Ohio State University and Linda Saif, who isolated the Delta coronavirus from pigs that year, pointed out that they will go to Haiti for local testing.
Antibodies for adults and children are very necessary.
If it can be confirmed that this virus can indeed infect people, it can be regarded as a threat that can trigger a pandemic
.
In response to these two new findings, Science pointed out that comparing the cross-species attributes of the coronavirus and its different infectivity between species (for example, the same type of coronavirus can be safe in birds, but pigs can be fatal if infected), humans Attention and research on the coronavirus is very lacking
.
Reference 1.
Anthony King.
Two more coronaviruses can infect people, studies suggest.
doi:10.
1126/science.
abj55042.
Emergence of porcine delta-coronavirus pathogenic infections among children in Haiti through independent zoonoses and convergent evolution doi: https://doi .
org/10.
1101/2021.
03.
19.
212533913.
Novel Canine Coronavirus Isolated from a Hospitalized Pneumonia Patient, East Malaysia.
Clinical Infectious Diseases Source: Medical editor in charge: Zheng Huaju Proofreading: Zang Hengjia Edition: Shu Qian's wonderful review of 19 deaths and 557 diagnoses in one day For example, the new crown makes Taiwan’s medical system "collapse imminent" the first phase III clinical data of the new crown inactivated vaccine is released.
What is the difference between the various vaccines? proved! The new coronavirus can trigger the ADE effect, and the natural immunity of the population will go bankrupt
