Steroid Anabolic Hormone Drug Metabolism and Toxicology

8.
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2.
1 Metabolism in the body

Because hormones have specific receptors in cells, a small dose can produce an effect, so the amount of ASs is very small, metabolism and elimination are rapid, and the metabolic products in the body are quite complex
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8.
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2.
2 Toxicology and adverse reactions

Long-term use or intake of androgens can interfere with the body's normal hormone balance.
Men will experience testicular atrophy, breast enlargement, premature baldness, liver and kidney dysfunction or liver tumors, and women will experience virilization, menstrual disorders, muscle proliferation, and increased hair.
Long-term intake of estrogen can cause feminization, precocious puberty, and inhibit bone and sperm development.
In particular, estrogen-like substances have obvious carcinogenic effects, which can lead to deformities and cancers of the reproductive organs of women and their female offspring, especially for children
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8.
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3 Maximum allowable residue limit

Because of its role in promoting the deposition of nutrients in animals and improving production performance, ASs have been widely used in animal husbandry
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Table 8-4 MRLs of ASs formulated by major countries and organizations in the world