The "14th Five-Year Plan" elderly population will exceed 300 million How to ensure that the "elderly have support"?

The National Health Commission held a press conference on the 20th to introduce the relevant situation of China's aging population
.

 

By the end of 2021, the national population of 267 million people aged 60 and above
will reach.
It is estimated that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the total number of elderly people aged 60 and above will exceed 300 million, accounting for more than 20%, entering the stage
of moderate aging.
Around 2035, the elderly population aged 60 and above will exceed 400 million, accounting for more than 30%, entering the stage
of severe aging.

 

China's aging population presents a large number, fast speed, large differences and heavy tasks of the situation and characteristics
.
How to deal with the upcoming moderate aging and severe aging? How to ensure that "the elderly have support"?

 

China's pension is showing a "9073" pattern The focus of the development of pension services is inclined to the home community

 

In recent years, China has formed a "9073" pension model, that is, about 90% of the elderly are at home for the elderly, about 7% of the elderly rely on the community to support the elderly, and 3% of the elderly live in institutions for the elderly
.
That is to say, most of the elderly in China are home and community pensions
.
In this regard, the focus of the country's continuous promotion of the development of old-age services in recent years has tilted
to the home community.

 

Li Yongxin, deputy director of the Department of Pension Services of the Ministry of Civil Affairs: Guide and promote the construction of a demonstration home-based community old-age service network with chain operation and standardized management at the district and county levels, and build street (township) regional old-age service centers and community embedded old-age service institutions
.
As of the first quarter of 2022, there were 320,000 community old-age service institutions and facilities nationwide, with 3.
08 million beds, accounting for 88.
9% and 38%
of the number of facilities and beds in the national old-age service institutions respectively.
In 2021 and 2022, invest 2.
2 billion yuan to support 84 regions to carry out the improvement of basic old-age services in home communities, and in these pilot and promotion actions, promote the exploration of the formation of family old-age beds, meals, baths, cleaning, medical assistance, walking assistance, emergency "six assistance" services, visiting care, mutual assistance for the elderly and other service models
to meet the diversified old-age needs.

 

Explore new models of home care in many places

 

In order to promote the development of the home care market, various places and related industries are also actively exploring the direction of home care in the
field.

 

At 11:00 noon, it was lunch time
at the Home Care Service Center in Huicheling Village, Heping Town, Changxing County, Zhejiang Province.
With the help of volunteers, the elderly are collecting meals
.

 

In addition to catering services, it is also equipped with functional areas such as video room, calligraphy and painting room, barber room, library corner, etc.
, which can effectively meet the spiritual and cultural needs
of the elderly.

 

Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, has opened a new model of community embedded elderly home care, built a canteen for the elderly, and launched a door-to-door service
for the elderly with limited mobility.
At present, the 15-minute home care service circle of Huizhou community has been basically completed, and the smart elderly service covers more than 50% of the communities in the
city.

 

At present, many institutions are also actively developing high-tech and intelligent pension products
.
This is a seemingly ordinary camera, after combining artificial intelligence algorithms, it can accurately identify the safety status of the elderly, alert the elderly when they fall or need help, and notify the emergency contacts
set in advance.

 

According to statistics, in 2021, there will be a total of 1116 newly applied patents in the field of smart health and pension in
China, of which 513 are invention patents, and new technologies such as the Internet, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality are being gradually applied to pension products.

 

The combination of medical and nursing care better meets the needs of the elderly for health and old-age services

 

The combination of medical and nursing care is an important means
to cope with aging.
The combination of medical care and nursing care integrates pension and medical resources to greatly meet the needs of the
elderly.
At the press conference on the 20th, in recent years, the National Health Commission and relevant departments have introduced a series of targeted measures to break through the difficulties and blockages that restrict the development of medical and nursing care, and the current standard and normative system for the combination of medical and nursing care has been initially established
.

 

Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all localities have deepened the reform of "decentralization and management of services" and optimized the approval and registration process
of medical and nursing care institutions.
Carry out actions to improve the ability to integrate medical and nursing care in the community, and increase the supply of integrated medical and nursing services in
the community at home.
By the end of 2021, the number of medical and nursing contracts nationwide was 6.
6 times that of 2017, and the number of two-certificate complete medical and nursing institutions increased by 76.
7%
compared with 2017.

 

Wang Haidong, director of the Department of Aging of the National Health Commission: The next step is to deepen the co-construction and sharing
of medical and nursing resources.
Rationally arrange continuing medical institutions such as rehabilitation hospitals, nursing homes, and hospice care institutions, and improve the mechanism for
medical and nursing cooperation.
Encourage rural areas to achieve the integration of medical care and nursing care through various means such as adjacent construction, contract cooperation, and integration
of the two hospitals.
The second is to increase the supply of integrated medical and nursing services in
the home community.
Support qualified medical and health institutions to provide home medical services
for the disabled, elderly and other elderly.

 

In recent years, all localities have accelerated the promotion of medical and nursing care services, better met the needs of the elderly for health and old-age services, and helped them live a higher quality of old age
.

 

Ms.
He, a 63-year-old from Jun'an Town, Foshan, Guangdong Province, developed Alzheimer's disease three years ago, losing her language and cognitive abilities and unable to take care of
herself.
Because her two sons are in the field, Ms.
He can only rely on her 70-year-old wife to take care of them
.
How to make it easy for the elderly with dementia and disability to obtain professional medical care is the work that the state and local governments have been exploring and promoting
.
Since April 2019, Jun'an Town has successively renovated
two community health service stations.
The first floor of the health service station still retains the original community medical service function, and the second floor has been transformed into a 50-bed
elderly care center where the elderly with dementia and disability can stay.
Medical staff will make rounds and make
rounds every day.
Now Ms.
He has also stayed here
.

 

Because the integrated medical and nursing service center uses idle rooms and original medical resources, coupled with partial subsidies provided by the government, the cost of the elderly staying here is also greatly reduced
.
According to the different levels of care, each elderly person needs to pay a monthly pension service fee, including food, accommodation, care, etc.
of about 3000-3500 yuan
.
In addition, if medical expenses are incurred, you can enjoy the same medical insurance reimbursement policy
as if you were in a hospital.

 

Ms.
He's husband, Mr.
Lu: I think it brings great convenience, a doctor and nurse who is sick or something, doctors and nurses can come to see her, and serious can use ambulances
to take her to Junan Hospital, from the price, care, medical treatment, I think it is okay here.

 

In China, only a few elderly people like these in medical institutions are old-age care, and more than 90% of the elderly rely on the community to provide for the elderly
.
In recent years, various localities have promoted the extension
of medical care services to communities and families.
Zhejiang Huzhou in the new community to promote the construction of pension, medical facilities synchronously, in the Taihu Lake Health City community, there is a large hospital, but also set up 7 health stations
.
Resident Ms.
Yin psoas muscle strain, used to need to go to the hospital twice a week for physical therapy, and now it can be solved
without leaving the community.

 

Xu Tao, community leader of Taihu Health City, Wuxing District, Huzhou City: For the elderly over 60 years old every year, there is a free physical examination business, providing door-to-door visits for the 70-year-old elderly, we pay attention to the changes in the health of all residents in real time, intervene in a timely manner and provide health management services
.

 

Home care medical services, in addition to physical therapy without leaving the community, and even family doctors to provide door-to-door service, there are also some areas that also provide a wider range of services: including helping the elderly to make an appointment for a hospital expert number; Click on the Mini Program to make an appointment for "Specialist Nursing" and so on
.

 

In fact, for many elderly people with limited mobility and dementia, the most convenient thing for home-based care is that professionals can provide medical services
at home.
At present, various localities are also carrying out pilot work on home medical services for the
elderly.
What shortcomings still need to be made up for in China's home-based home care home medical services?

 

Feng Wenmeng, researcher and director of the research office of the Development Research Center of the State Council: From the perspective of actual development, home care for the elderly must first solve the problem of special training for home medical personnel; Second, in terms of relevant institutional norms, it is necessary to form a relatively unified home medical system specification throughout the country; Secondly, it is necessary to formulate a relatively perfect incentive mechanism for home medical care, so that the personnel who provide home service have better enthusiasm; The fourth is to improve the capacity
of community elderly care services and medical services.

 

Promote the construction of barrier-free environment and age-appropriate transformation

 

Barrier-free and age-appropriate environments are also very important
for the elderly.
At the press conference on the 20th, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development said that in recent years, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and relevant departments have actively promoted the construction of barrier-free environments and age-appropriate transformation, so that the living and travel of the elderly are more comfortable and more convenient
.

 

Zhang Yan, deputy director of the Department of Building Energy Conservation and Science and Technology of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development: Combined with the transformation of old urban communities, the construction and transformation
of barrier-free facilities and facilities suitable for the elderly are carried out simultaneously.
For example, support the installation of elevators in buildings with conditions, the transformation of the entrance and exit ramps of residential units, and the addition of safety handrails
to residential stairs.
From 2019 to 2021, all localities will promote the installation of 51,000 elevators in existing residences in the transformation of old residential areas, which has enabled many long-term elderly people to go out of their homes and buildings
.
At the same time, we combined with the special action of sidewalk purification, we have transformed existing roads and facilities including pedestrian bridges, and greatly improved the construction rate
of barrier-free facilities on urban roads.

 

China is establishing a health service system for the elderly covering urban and rural areas

 

Healthy aging is also the means and way
to cope with the lowest cost and best benefit of population aging.
What is healthy aging? Simply put, it is to maintain the internal ability of the elderly, improve the external environment of the elderly, and extend the healthy life expectancy
of the elderly.

 

At the press conference on the 20th, it was introduced that at present, China is establishing a "six-in-one" health service system
of health education, preventive health care, disease diagnosis and treatment, rehabilitation nursing, long-term care and palliative care, comprehensive and continuous, covering urban and rural areas.
In 2021, approximately 120 million older people aged 65 and over received health management services
in urban and rural communities.

 

By the end of 2021, there will be 4,685 general hospitals at the second level or above with geriatrics
departments nationwide.
By 2025, geriatrics will be set up in more than 60% of secondary and above general hospitals, about 21,000 age-friendly medical and health institutions will be built, and more than 1,000 medical and health institutions will have palliative care departments
.

 

Wang Haidong, director of the Department of Aging of the National Health and Health Commission: In the next step, we will continue to do a good job in preventive health care, medical services, health care and other work for the elderly, especially to carry out four major actions of oral health for the elderly, nutrition improvement for the elderly, prevention and treatment of dementia and psychological care for the elderly, with the purpose of improving the active health ability of the elderly, improving the health literacy and health level of the elderly, so that the elderly can get sick less, get sick late, and not get serious diseases
.