The essential component of the main protein component of the extracellular environment: tRNA modifying enzyme

All species on the planet use almost identical genetic codes to produce proteins
.
However, many human proteins are completely different from bacterial proteins, and these differences lead to different characteristics of human cells and simple biological cells

Scientists at IRB Barcelona, ​​led by ICREA researcher Dr.
Lluís Ribas de Pouplana, have discovered a trna-modified protein called ADAT, which is a key role in the production of a group of proteins targeting the extracellular environment
.
The composition of these proteins is so unique that cells need certain functional "upgrades" to produce them, and this work reveals major upgrades

"Extracellular proteins are the key to cell-cell communication and are the core requirement of the evolution of multicellular organisms," explained Dr.
Ribas de Pouplana, head of the gene translation laboratory.
"It is reasonable to conclude that RNA modification is true.
The universal characteristics of nuclear cells played a role in the emergence of multicellular eukaryotes
.
"

The project benefited from the collaboration with the team led by ICREA researchers Dr.
Toni Gabaldón (Barcelona IRB), Dr.
Eva Novoa (Genomic Regulation Center) and Dr.
Ana Pardo-Saganta (Navarre CIMA)
.

The role of extracellular proteins in common human diseases

The proper development of tissue and organism functions requires the balance of proteins in the external environment of the cell
.
Mucins are a group of extracellular proteins that depend on ADAT.

Mucin overexpression is a major factor in many human diseases, including lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
.
These findings emphasize that any disease that depends on the function of these proteins may be treated by inhibiting ADAT

 Original title:

Human tRNAs with inosine 34 are essential to efficiently translate eukarya-specific low-complexity proteins
Adrian Gabriel Torres, Marta Rodríguez-Escribà, Marina Marcet-Houben, Helaine Graziele Santos Vieira, Noelia Camacho, Helena Catena, Marina Murillo Recio, àlbert Rafels-Ybern Rafels-Ybern , Oscar Reina, Francisco Miguel Torres, Ana Pardo-Saganta, Toni Gabaldón, Eva Maria Novoa & Lluís Ribas de Pouplana.