The genetic variation and evolutionary relationship of each type of lotus.

Nelumbo nucifera is a representative species of aquatic plants that combine edible, ornamental, cultural and medicinal values.
has evolved various types of variation in the long history of adapting to the different environments of nature, such as the large temperate lotus of underground stems and the tropical lotus with the unpuffed underground stem.
after a long period of artificial domestication and cultivation, differentiated out of hualien, sub-lotus and lotus as the representative of the three types of cultivated lotus.
Huahua to ornamental main use, its color, petal, flower type and plant type and other characteristics vary.
to produce lotus seeds for the main purpose, lotus peng large grains, lotus relatively high quantity.
, the main purpose is to eat its underground stems (yu), less flowers but generally higher yield.
To understand the relationship between genomic variation and genetic evolution between the different genomic resources of lotus, the aquatic plant genomics and genetic breeding discipline group of Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences performed genome resequencing and variation analysis on behalf of individuals on behalf of 19 lotus plants (Hualien, Zilian and Lotus), Thai lotus and American Huanglian for the first time.
study found that there is a clear genetic differentiation between the American lotus and the Asian lotus, while there is also a certain degree of differentiation between the Asian lotus and the Chinese lotus.
studies have also found that the genetic relationship between the cultivated lotus and the Chinese wild lotus is closer, while the strong genetic mix of Hualien and ziliane may be due to frequent hybridization during the breeding process of these two types of lotus. in addition,
, the relatively rapid evolution of genes associated with energy metabolism and plant immune systems, or the adaptive evolution of lotus to different regions of the environment.
through genome-wide scanning, it was found that there is a large number of genetic differentiation between temperate and tropical lotus genes, and the pattern of expression of these genes is also significantly differentiated between the two types of lotus.
first in a genome-wide study that revealed the genetic variation, evolutionary relationships, and signals of different ecological differentiations in the genome.
that the study will lay an important scientific foundation for the future conservation and genetic breeding of lotus.
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