The mechanism of action, research status and market prospect of bioenzyme and micro-ecological preparation in feed industry.

Feed additives are bioenzymes and micro-ecological agentsBioenzyme preparation as an efficient, environmentally friendly and safe feed additive, not only can improve the utilization rate of feed, make up for the lack of digestive enzymes in livestock and poultry, but also reduce the excretion of minerals in animals, reduce environmental pollutionthe most widely used bioenzymes in the feed industry are xylitose, beta-glucanase, alpha-amylase, protein enzymes, cellulase, lipase, pectin asphystase and phytoaseMicro-ecological agents, also known as probiotics, probiotics, biobacteria and biobacteria, are beneficial microorganisms isolated, identified or biologically formed from nature or animals, and are made by special processes such as culture, fermentation, drying and processingMicro-ecological preparationcan can effectively promote animal body regulation of intestinal micro-ecological balance, enhance the body's immune function, and can efficiently convert feed, improve production performanceThe compound preparation consisting of enzyme preparation and micro-ecological preparation has obvious effect in promoting animal growth, improving feed utilization rate, preventing animal diseases and improving ecological environmentMainly for bioenzymes and micro-ecological agents in the feed industry, the mechanism of action, research status quo, market prospects and existing problems and other aspects of the analysis and pointed out the problems and solutionsthe mechanism of bioenzymeproteins produced by living cells with digestive actionDepending on the substrate, feed enzymes can be divided into protease, amylase, lipase, glutase, beta-glucanase, beta-glucolyse, cellulase, pectin asphystase and phytoaseaccording to whether the animal itself can secrete production and the feeding enzyme can be divided into digestive enzymes and non-digestion enzymes, digestive enzymes refer seiszy enzymes, amylase, lipase, etc, non-digestion enzymes refer seisves that can not be secreted by the animal sey, these enzymes can digest and break down the animal's own can not digest the feed ingredients, including licosase, beta-glucanase, beta-glucanase, and fruceraseIn the daily feeding process, the compound enzyme preparation can degrade the protein, starch, cellulose, pectin and other components in the animal's digestive tract, forming nutrients that are easily absorbed by the animal body, thus improving the digestion utilization rate of feedThe mechanism of action of bioenzyme agents can usually be described as the following pointsdestroys anti-nutrient factors and improves the utilization rate of feed nutrientsplant cell wall is a mesh structure of protein, fat and polysaccharide bondsMany animals can not digest this kind of substance, and there are other phytic acid, plant coagulation, pectin, protease inhibitors and other anti-nutrition factors in the feed, these components affect the digestion and absorption of nutrients Compound enzymes degrade these anti-nutrient factors and reduce the viscosity of intestinal contents Reduce viscosity to nutrients and endogenous digestive enzyme diffusion hindering effect, thereby improving the digestion rate and absorption utilization rate of nutrients the deficiency of supplementing endogenous enzymes, activate the secretion and activity of endogenous enzymes add exogenous digestive enzymes to the diet, can supplement the lack of endogenous enzymes in young animals or in a stress state, improve the utilization rate of feed, improve the digestion capacity of animals, reduce the decline of production capacity under stress conditions It can also promote the secretion of endogenous enzymes due to water-soluble NSP to reduce endogenous enzyme activity, adding NSP enzyme degradation water-soluble NSP, can improve the activity of intestinal endogenous enzymes, such as intestinal endogenous alpha-amylase, trypsin activity regulate metabolism in livestock and poultry, improve the microbiological system in the intestine improve the body's immunity compound enzyme preparation can optimize the micro-ecological environment of the intestine, destroy the anti-nutritional components in feed raw materials, improve the physical and chemical environment of the digestive digestion and absorption of the intestines of livestock and poultry, and have a good role in killing harmful bacteria to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria the mechanism of micro-ecological preparation made from a variety of probiotic compound micro-ecological preparation has a variety of effects to promote growth, adjust normal bacteria balance, improve immunity, improve feed conversion rate and so on In 1989, the U.S Food and Drug Administration announced the following types of microorganisms that could be used as feed additives, with 42 species: misomycine, black buckitus, bacagus, spores, lilacs, spores, spores, bacillus, and starch." Psilobacteria, polysachimabacteria, perch edifying, sacintic acid, pheria bacteria, animal biphisle, infant double-qi bacteria, phenobacteria, heat-addicted double-wycobacteria, lactic acid-like bacteria, lactobacillus Bulgarian Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus Cheese, Lactobacillus, Cotobacillus, Bacillus Delia, Fermented Lactobacillus, Bacillus Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus Lactobacillus, Endocobacter Act, Bacillus Roche, Enterocosmic aureus, Lactobacillus, beer Ccocci, saccharine, Bacillus Festuciturate, Bacillus Cescpropia, brewing yeast, lactoccus milk lipids, dofispartic lactococcus, fecal streptococcus, streptococcus, lactococcus, heat-addicted streptococcus at present, the main bacteria used in micro-ecological preparations are Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bifidobacteria, yeast, some Spores and so on The mechanism of micro-ecological preparation is the following adjust the microbial balance of the body's digestive tract the hundreds of kinds of microorganisms in the digestive tract of healthy animals, which are interdependent and restricted, and together maintain the micro-ecological balance in the digestive tract and the health of the animal's body The beneficial bacteria group is mainly composed of fungi, bacillus bacteria, pecanbacteria, anaerobic Campylobacter and other specialized anaerobic bacteria and Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, once the balance is lost, it causes digestive disorders, serious can inhibit the growth and development of animals Animals in advance or the initial stage of the disease feeding micro-ecological preparations, so that beneficial bacteria in the number and force strength of the absolute advantage, can greatly inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria groups, so as to maintain the balance of the flora, and promote the establishment of intestinal advantages of the flora, to maintain the balance of normal microorganisms in the animal body produce beneficial metabolites, promote nutrient absorption micro-ecological preparations of beneficial flora can produce lactic acid and other organic acids in the digestive tract, reduce the intestinal pH value; In addition, probiotics produced by amylase, lipase, protease and other substances on plant carbohydrates have a strong degradation effect, but also degradation of plant feed in some complex substances, can induce the secretion of animal body source digestive enzymes, is conducive to the intestinal better use of carbohydrates, improve feed conversion rate biocous certain strains of beneficial flora, if the need for oxysporine state or other living bacteria form into the animal's digestive tract after growth and reproduction, the consumption of oxygen in the intestines, so that local formation of anaerobic environment, inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, is conducive to Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Enterococcus and other specialized anaerobic bacteria breeding and growth, so that healthy animal splis Competitive rejection can prevent the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, competition can inhibit pathogenic microorganisms glued to intestinal mucosal epithelial cells, to the pathogenic microorganisms to compete for limited nutrients and ecological sites, restrict the survival and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria groups enhance the body's immune function probiotics can keep the animal's intestinal micro-ecosystem in a normal balance Studies have shown that probiotics can produce nonspecific immunomodulatorfactors, enhance the body's antibody level, increase the number of immunoglobulins and macrophage activity, thereby improving the immunity of animals some scholars believe that bifidobacteria cell wall peptide polysaccharides under appropriate conditions appear immunogenicity, enhance the body fluid immune response, activate macrophage activity, and therefore can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and the production of carcinogens found that micro-ecological feed additives can improve the blood lympcell rate content of weaned pig pigs, the test group than the control group 7.06 percent higher (P 0.05) purify ingenual environment the dry grass spores can produce amino oxidase, amino transferase and break down sulphide enzymes in the large intestine, can be the odorous source of pyridotic compounds completely oxidized, sulphides oxidized into odorless, non-toxic substances, thereby reducing the concentration of harmful gases in blood and feces, but also reduce emissions to the outside world, improve the feeding environment EM fermentation liquid sprayed around the pig bar, can remove the foul smell of feces urine, reduce flies and parasites, improve environmental health, so that the environment inside and outside the pig house to be comprehensively managed Li Wenchun's study found that after fattening pigs fed micro-ecological preparations (including Lactobacillus, Bacillus spores, photosynthesis bacteria), the concentration of NH3 and H2S in the test group was very low, at 7.85mg/m3 and 2.81mg/m 3, respectively the current research status of bioenzymes in feed Enzymes are large molecular substances produced by living cells in organisms with high-efficiency biocatalytic activity There are more than 2500 kinds of enzymes found in the world, of which about 600 varieties can be industrial scale production, including hydrolyzed enzymes, oxidizing reductase, heterogenease, lysase 4 categories There are many kinds of enzymes, but not many enzymes are actually used in feed production In the 1980s, companies in Denmark, Germany and Sweden that specialize in the production of feed enzymes began extensive research into the production of germs, processes and equipment for feed enzymes 2014-02-01 The List of Varieties of Feed Additives (2013) (No 2045) of the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China stipulates 13 enzyme preparations for feed, see Table 1 the single enzyme with the most application value is basically divided into non-amyloid polysase, phytoase, amylase, protease and lipase 5 categories, including non-amyloid polysaccharide (NSP enzyme) and include cellulase, xylitose, beta-glucotose, glutase, glucosase, beta-semi-lactase, fractinase and so on compoundenzymes are made from a mixture of one or more single enzymes or by fermentation of one or more microorganisms Compared with the limited effect of single enzyme preparation, the compound enzyme can be synergistic and can degrade a variety of substrates in the feed grain at the same time, and maximize the utilization rate of protein and starch and other nutrients in feed At present, the world's production of feed compound enzyme synthase because of its different functional characteristics, there are mainly the following categories: (1) to beta-glucanase and glutamate-based feeding complex enzymes (2) feed compound enzymes based on protease and amylase (3) feed compound enzymes based on cellulase and pectinase (4) cellulase, protease, amylase, glycosase, glucanase, pectin asemes and other compounds obtained from feeding complex enzymes Song Lianxi and other 41-week-old Hailan brown commodity egg chicken base daily grain added 0.1% of the compound enzyme preparation, after testing 28d, the results show edited that the average egg yield can be increased by 6.12% (P 0.05), the egg ratio decreased by 11.69P 0.05) , Rosazin and other eggs in The sealand egg chicken feed to add different proportions of compound enzyme preparation, the results show that: can improve the egg and chicken production level, which added 0.2% of the compound enzyme preparation group egg production increased by 3.92% (P 0.05), the average egg production rate increased by 3.5% (P 0.05), the difference is not significant, the difference between the feed consumption groups is not significant Yao Hairu and other piglets wheat-type diet added non-starch polysaccharide compound enzyme found that the daily weight gain significantly increased (P 0.05), material weight ratio significantly reduced (P 0.05) The experimental results show that adding non-starch polysaccharide compound enzyme can effectively improve the digestion rate of piglets to wheat-type diet, promote the growth rate of piglets and improve feed utilization Wang Xiaoliang's study showed that the average milk fat rate of the test group increased by 3.28% compared to the control group, adding 0.2% of the cow complex enzymes mainly to hemicecellase, amylase, protease and xylitose Wu Construction and other reports, adding enzyme sase agents to increase the milk of cows by 7.1% to 11.8%, the increase of the amount of milk of cows by enzyme in this experiment was 5.9% to 9.1% the application effect of different aquatic compound enzymes on fufu, the results showed that the final weight and weight gain rate of the test group increased by 5.12%, 12.09 percent, the bait coefficient decreased by 7.14%, and the difference was significant (P 0.05), the fat fullness increased by 7.55%, and the difference was not significantly( Wang Fuchen's research shows that adding liquid enzymes directly to feed can improve the growth rate of grass fish to a certain extent, and can promote the secretion of endogenous digestive enzymes in grass fish micro-ecological preparations in the feed research status China began to feed micro-ecological agents research started in the 1970s In 1989, China's Ministry of Agriculture announced the direct feeding of animals feed-grade microbial additives 12 species, namely, cheese lactobacillus, plant Lactobacillus, lactobacillus acidophilus, dung streptococcus, lactobacillus, dried bacillus, nazubose, lactic acid tablets, marsh red fake monosporine, beer yeast, cyclic mold In 2001 it was also announced that lichen spores were straight.