The Synthetic Routes of Tegafur

Tegafur is an important intermediate in the chemical industry, used as a raw material in the production of a wide range of chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
There are several synthetic routes available for the production of Tegafur, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

One of the most common synthetic routes for Tegafur involves the reaction of para-xylene with urea in the presence of an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid.
This reaction is known as the Buckmann-Huang reaction, and it involves the formation of a urea-xylene complex, which is then hydrolyzed to form Tegafur.

Another synthetic route for Tegafur involves the reaction of xylene with dimethylformamide (DMF) in the presence of an acid catalyst, such as hydrochloric acid.
This reaction is known as the Diketene-Type Reaction, and it involves the formation of a xylene-DMF complex, which is then hydrolyzed to form Tegafur.

Yet another synthetic route for Tegafur involves the reaction of xylene with ammonia in the presence of an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid.
This reaction is known as the Nitroxide-Type Reaction, and it involves the formation of an xylene-ammonia complex, which is then hydrolyzed to form Tegafur.

Overall, the synthetic routes for Tegafur involve the reaction of xylene with various compounds in the presence of an acid catalyst, followed by hydrolysis to form Tegafur.
These routes offer different advantages and disadvantages, and the selection of the best route depends on factors such as the desired yield, purity, and cost of the final product.