Wan Jianmin: Scientific and technological innovation to meet the growing demand for food

China has always made solving the problem of people's food as the primary task of governing an anbang, and after hard work and unremitting efforts, it has effectively solved the problem of "eating enough", and the consumption of urban and rural residents is moving towards "eating well". In the new historical period, to meet the growing consumption demand of urban and rural residents, it is necessary to carry out strategic and scientific and technological layout from the perspective of food security.Since the 18th National Congress of theParty,
Total
high house construction put forward a new food security concept of "ensuring basic self-seghum of grain, absolute safety of rations", established a "based on me, based on domestic, ensure production capacity, moderate imports, scientific and technological support" of the national food security strategy, formed a "rice bowl theory" "bottom line theory" "red line theory" and a series of important new theories of food security. Through the improvement of grain production capacity, China has achieved 16 consecutive years of grain harvest, the total output for 5 consecutive years stable at more than 1.3 trillion pounds, to achieve a new breakthrough in history. In 2019, the per capita grain share reached about 475 kg, significantly higher than the international grain safety standard line of 400 kg per capita, basically meeting the quantitative needs, laying an important material foundation for the country's long-term stability and making important contributions to the maintenance of world food security.
At present, China is faced with further upgrading of food security, from "eat enough" to "eat well" of the new leaping stage, people pay more attention to nutritional health, need to better meet the rising consumer demand from the "big food view" point of view. In view of the direction of industrial development, vigorously cultivate high-quality special varieties, supporting the production of high-quality cultivation technology to meet the diversified needs of the market, and constantly improve the three main grains, main edible oil crops and specialty grain quality, specialization rate, close contact with post-partum processing and market supply, form a stable and reasonable industrial chain, and continuously improve the sustainable development level of the food industry.
food security is an eternal issue for China, and agriculture must not be neglected and relaxed because of years of harvests. Historical experience tells us that in the event of a famine, it is no use having money. Only by adhering to the domestic foothold, the 1.4 billion people's jobs firmly in their own hands, in order to maintain the overall stability of society. Especially in the complex situation at home and abroad, food security must be absolutely guaranteed, food production and industrial development must be further improved, and continuously improve the efficiency and efficiency of food production, and promote the coordinated development of quantity and quality.to promote a steady increase in production capacity. China has deployed a series of scientific and technological tasks at different times to continuously improve the comprehensive production capacity of grain. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the state implemented a series of key special projects related to the effective supply of grain, such as the breeding of major crops, the increase of grain production and income, the increase of weight loss and drug efficiency, and the high quality and efficiency of major cash crops. Cultivate a large number of major new varieties to support the renewal, innovate a large number of regional characteristics of production technology, forming a high-quality, high-yield, high-efficiency, green sustainable and collaborative upgrading of the technology model. The level of innovation in the integration of food production elements has been greatly improved, with outstanding achievements in new varieties selection, land strength construction and disaster prevention and control, the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress reached 59.2%, the proportion of food crops independently selected varieties increased to more than 96%, the effective irrigation area of farmland exceeded 1 billion mu, and the level of comprehensive mechanization of crop cultivation and harvest exceeded 70%.
to promote quality and diversity needs. With the improvement of crop production capacity and level, China pays more and more attention to the growing consumption demand of urban and rural residents. In the field of science and technology pay special attention to from "eat enough" to "eat well" technology research and development, food taste and nutrition function food development, special varieties continue to push new. With innovation driving the coordinated development of quality and diversification, efforts are being made to solve the structural problems of grain supply and demand in China, especially the low "quality and specialization" of grain products, the comprehensive utilization rate of grain processing by-products and the low efficiency of grain production.the need to balance quantity with quality. Compared with the demand, China's grain production capacity will remain in a tight balance, and we must adhere to the idea of domestic production as the main body and the appropriate use of the international market. At the same time, China's food security is also facing the structural contradiction between supply and demand, but also need to further optimize the direction of scientific and technological innovation, improve the structure of crop varieties, speed up the replacement of the strengths and weaknesses of the board.
to open up both domestic and international markets. We will speed up the implementation of the strategy of "going out" in agriculture, increase the intensity of overseas grain and oil production, and especially strengthen cooperation in the construction of grain and oil production in the Belt and Road. We will further strengthen food production in the main grain-marketing areas and production-marketing-balanced areas of China, and continuously improve the capacity of food production in key regions.
focus on the co-production of various types of crops. Under the premise of ensuring the safe production of staple grain crops such as rice, wheat and corn, we will further strengthen the production of high quality and specialization, especially the rational distribution and production of the effective supply of oil and cash crops, improve the self-seconsociability rate of edible oil, and change the status quo of high dependence on imports as soon as possible. From the layout of crop varieties, adjust and increase the production area of oil crops, reasonable layout of soybeans, peanuts, rape, sunflowers and other oil crops.
to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of crop production. The use of scientific and technological innovation to accelerate the scale of food production, standardization, high-quality specialization, improve food production, such as light and hot water fertilizer and other natural resources and production materials input efficiency, reduce farmland pollution. We will improve the technical literacy of grain producers, enhance per capita labor productivity, promote the transformation and upgrading of crop production, and ensure the sustainability of the development of the food industry.
continuously enhance the development capacity of the modern grain industry. Strengthen the concept of "production-oriented, industry-oriented", starting from the requirements of modern agricultural development, structural reform on the agricultural supply side and the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization, the main goal of food production to productive, quality- and efficiency-enhancing, green transformation, highlighting the "streamlined scale, high-quality branding, resource efficiency, ecological greening and precision" technology development, to achieve food production into the development of the food industry, and comprehensively improve the rate of grain production and land output, resource utilization and labor productivity.
(The author is Vice President of
Agriculture
, Vice President of the Chinese Academy
)