"Zhongkefazaojing No. 1" series of early japonica rice varieties were successfully selected and bred

2021 Nian 7 Yue 19 days, early Japonica Rice "in Kefa early Japonica 1 number" on-site meetings held in the County of Jiangxi Province

This new variety has achieved a "zero breakthrough" in China's early japonica rice

"China has 1.

A dream that lasts for decades 

China is the largest country in rice production in the world

A total rice production of 13 provinces, all located in the southern low latitudes, including Hunan, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Guangdong and other four provinces of the sown area accounts for 75% or more

However, all the early rice varieties in China are indica rice, and the current national early rice variety certification group only has the early indica group

Compared with early indica rice, japonica rice varieties grown in high-latitude regions have obvious advantages such as strong stress resistance, superior plant type, superior rice quality, and good taste

Accelerating the cultivation of good early japonica varieties and their popularization and application can greatly improve the quality and commercial value of early rice, not only increase economic benefits for farmers, but also advance the shelf-life of high-quality new rice in China by 2-3 months

　　Although breeders have tried for decades, they have not been able to develop new early japonica rice varieties used in actual production

　　"Serve the first bowl of rice" as staple food 

　　"Zhongkefazaojing No.

　　It is reported that this new early japonica variety belongs to the mid-late maturity type of early rice

　　More than that, the new varieties have strong stress resistance, especially in terms of cold resistance at the seedling stage and resistance to ear germination at the later stage.

　　“Changing the early indica rice varieties to the early japonica rice varieties can bring high-quality new rice to the market two to three months ahead of schedule, providing the first bowl of rice for China’s staple food supply,

　　The new germplasm of " Zhongkefazaojing No.

　　The Li Jiayang team of the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences has long been engaged in the study of the mechanism of higher plant growth and metabolic regulation.

　　In response to the problems encountered in early rice production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the research team used excellent rice quality genes as the main line, combined with high yield and ideal plant type genes, and used the concepts and techniques of molecular precision design breeding to select the best parents to pass Cross selection, and finally bred a new "Zhongkefa" early japonica variety with high quality, high yield, cold resistance and resistance to ear germination

　　"Customize" an ideal rice 

　　In Li Jiayang's words, "Molecular Precision Design" is like assembling a computer
.
"What kind of rice you want, by combining related rice genes, you can breed seeds that meet your needs
.
" 

　　Compared with conventional breeding techniques, "Molecular Precision Design" breeding not only overcomes the shortcomings of long breeding cycle, high chance and low breeding efficiency, but also can accurately improve the shortcomings of current varieties and realize the aggregation of multiple excellent traits
.
At present, Li Jiayang's team has ordered a number of "ideal rice" with many excellent traits such as high yield, high quality, high efficiency, and high resistance
.
 

　　The "Zhongkefa" series of new rice varieties in the northern rice region and the "Jiayou Zhongke" series of new rice varieties in the southern rice region have achieved efficient cultivation of high-yield, high-quality, and multi-resistant rice
.
Up to now, the "Zhongkefa No.
5 " and other series of varieties that passed the national review in 2018 have been promoted in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other provinces with an area of more than 2 million mu; in 2017 , the 10,000 mu of high-quality and high-yielding rice variety "Jia" has been successfully implemented.
The promotion area of ​​the "You Zhongke" series has exceeded 1 million mu .

 

　　The research results of "Molecular Mechanism and Variety Design of Rice High-yield and High-quality Traits" by Li Jiayang's team won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award in 2017 and the 2018 Future Science Award respectively
.
These successful examples from scientific theory to production practice will greatly promote the transformation of traditional crop breeding to efficient, precise and targeted molecular design breeding
.
 

　　The "precise design" of rice not only helps ensure the country's food security, but also helps meet the "difficult to adjust" individual needs
.
China has a vast territory, the ecological environment and consumption preferences vary greatly, and the rice varieties required are also different
.
At present, Li Jiayang and his team are trying to "customize" rice for special populations, such as low starch for people with diabetes, in order to cultivate rice that meets individual needs
.
 

　　"I think China's rice breeding research is currently in the first phalanx in the world
.
" Li Jiayang said proudly
.
But he also said that there are still challenges
.
Although rice breeding materials have gathered most of the excellent traits, they still need to be upgraded and improved
.
At the same time, since China has not yet established relevant standards for gene editing breeding, the precise design of crops is still in the first stage and cannot be used in production
.
 

　　Academician Li Jiayang (left) inspects the growth of rice at the demonstration film in Shanggao County
.
Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhou Mi 

　　Five academicians tasted "Zhongkefa Zaojing No.
1 "
.
Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhou Mi 

　　" Zhongkefa No.
1 Early Japonica Rice" was tested at the production site in Shanggao County, Jiangxi Province
.
Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhou Mi