A study of 500,000 people in China: For every 2 taels of whole grains eaten, the risk of diabetes and stroke decreased by 14% and 13% respectively!

Cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease pose a huge global health burden, killing 19 million people worldwide each year, including 3 million in China
.

Therefore, primary prevention of cardiometabolic diseaseis an important public health priority

Cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease pose a huge global health burden, killing 19 million people worldwide each year, including 3 million in China

Evidence is limited in Asian countries, including China, where dietary habits, life>

Unlike Western countries, China's staple food is mainly refined wheat and rice, followed by coarse grains, while whole grain wheat and brown rice are rarely consumed
.

Whole grains include grain-based foods (such as millet, corn, oats, buckwheat, and sorghum), in addition to wheat and rice, similar to whole grains

In addition, they contain endosperm, germ, and bran, which are classified as whole grains in Western studies and cover nearly all whole grain food forms (such as oats and rye)
.

The Chinese Dietary Guidelines recommend that healthy adults should consume 50-100 grams of whole grains per day, but only 15% of the population currently reaches this level

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Using data from the China Chronic Disease Prospective Study (CKB), this study investigated the association between coarse grain intake and the incidence of cardiometabolic diseases, including diabetes, ischemic stroke , hemorrhagic stroke, and major coronary events, among Chinese adults
.

These studies are necessary to develop and refine evidence-based dietary guidelines for disease prevention in China and around the world

Stroke development and improvement of evidence-based dietary guidelines for disease prevention are very necessary in China and around the world

The Prospective China Chronic Disease Prospective Study recruited 500,000 adults aged 30 to 79 years from 10 urban and rural areas between 2004 and 2008 .

At baseline, the frequency of intake of 12 major food groups, including whole grains, was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire .

The Prospective China Chronic Disease Prospective Study recruited 500,000 adults aged 30 to 79 years from 10 urban and rural areas between 2004 and 2008 .
At baseline, the frequency of intake of 12 major food groups, including whole grains, was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire .

Among the 461,047 participants included in the main analysis, the mean baseline age was 51.

5 years (SD 10.
5), 59.

Among the 461,047 participants included in the main analysis, the mean baseline age was 51.

Among the nine study areas except Henan, Harbin and Qingdao (two urban areas) had the highest consumption, and Hunan and Sichuan (two rural areas) had the lowest consumption

During a median follow-up of 11.
2 years (approximately 5 million person-years in total), 17,149 diabetes mellitus, 29,876 ischemic strokes (including lacunar strokes), 6097 hemorrhagic strokes, and 6704 major coronary events were recorded
.

During a median follow-up period of 11.
2 years (approximately 5 million person-years in total), 17,149 cases were recorded

After adjusting for all potential confounders, the risk of diabetes and ischemic stroke was inversely associated with whole grain intake (P for trend < 0.
003 )
.
Compared with non-consumers, the adjusted HRs (95% ci) for diabetes and ischemic stroke were 0.
88 (0.
78-0.
98) and 0.
86 (0.
81-0.
93), respectively, in regular consumers .
For every 100 g daily increase in regular whole grain intake, the risk of diabetes was reduced by 14% (0.
86, 0.
76-0.
97) and the risk of ischemic stroke was reduced by 13% (0.
87, 0.
81-0.
94) .
However, whole grain intake was not significantly associated with hemorrhagic stroke and major coronary events (Table 2) .

After adjusting for all potential confounders, the risk of diabetes and ischemic stroke was inversely associated with whole grain intake (P for trend < 0.
003 )
.
The adjusted HRs (95% ci) for diabetes and ischemic stroke were 0.
88 (0.
78-0.
98) and 0.
86 (0.
81-0.
93), respectively .
Whole grain intake was not significantly associated with hemorrhagic stroke and major coronary events

The associations between coarse grain consumption and diabetes were fairly similar in urban and rural areas, with HRs of 0.
87 (0.
76-1.
00) for regular eaters in urban areas and 0.
89 (0.
74-1.
06) for non-eaters in rural areas (Figure 1A and Figure 1B)
.

The associations between coarse grain consumption and diabetes were fairly similar in urban and rural areas, with HRs of 0.
87 (0.
76-1.
00) for regular eaters in urban areas and 0.
89 (0.
74-1.
06) for non-eaters in rural areas (Figure 1A and Figure 1B)
.

However, the association with ischemic stroke appeared to be slightly stronger in urban areas than in rural areas (0.
85 [0.
79-0.
92] vs 0.
95 [0.
78-1.
14]) (Figure 1C and Figure 1D)
.
These associations were not significantly modified by baseline characteristics, including gender, age, education and income levels, smoking and alcohol status, total physical activity, and BMI (Figures 2 and 3)
.

In conclusion, in this large sample of Chinese adults, high consumption of whole grains was associated with a lower risk of diabetes and ischemic stroke
.
Although further studies are needed to confirm this link and elucidate the underlying underlying mechanisms, the results of this study do suggest that promoting the consumption of whole grains (i.
e.
, replacing refined grains) in China may be an effective public health strategy to prevent cardiometabolic diseases in China
.

In conclusion, in this large sample of Chinese adults, high consumption of whole grains was associated with a lower risk of diabetes and ischemic stroke
.
The results of this study do suggest that promoting the consumption of whole grains (ie, replacing refined grains) in China may be an effective public health strategy to prevent cardiometabolic diseases in China
.
Promoting the consumption of whole grains (ie, replacing refined grains) in China may be an effective public health strategy to prevent cardiometabolic diseases in China
.

 

Original source:

Original source:

Yang J, China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group.
Coarse Grain Consumption and Risk of Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study of Chinese Adults.
J Nutr.
2022 Mar 2:nxac041.
doi: 10.
1093/jn/nxac041.
Epub ahead of print.
PMID: 35234872.

Yang J, China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group.
Coarse Grain Consumption and Risk of Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study of Chinese Adults.
J Nutr.
2022 Mar 2:nxac041.
doi: 10.
1093/jn/nxac041.
Epub ahead of print.
PMID: 35234872.
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