Analysis of the development prospect of white biotechnology in China

White biotechnology uses enzymes and microorganisms for bio based products such as chemicals, food and feed, healthcare, detergents, paper, textiles and bioenergy White biotechnology is the third kind of biotechnology, also known as industrial biotechnology, after red Biotechnology (Medical Biotechnology) and Green Biotechnology (Agricultural Biotechnology) The process is to use living cells such as mold, yeast, bacteria and other microorganisms for material transformation, large-scale production of various products It can be widely used in chemical, energy, environmental protection, medicine, detergent, textile and other industries White biotechnology is to use living cells as catalyst to efficiently transform substances under mild conditions Compared with the traditional high temperature and high pressure chemical transformation, the production process has low energy consumption, less waste, biodegradable products, and can alleviate environmental crisis such as greenhouse effect Its product polylactic acid came into the market in 2000, marking the great achievement of white biotechnology White biotechnology is a necessary tool for the transition from fossil economy to bioeconomy, and an effective means to solve the resource, energy and environmental crisis facing mankind The executive plan of white biotechnology refining is a comprehensive biochemical and physicochemical process, which transforms the regenerated raw materials into valuable bioenergy utilization process In 2001, OECD carried out 21 experiments of biotechnology used to transform traditional industries The results show that in pulp and paper industry, white biotechnology can reduce the energy consumption in bleaching process by 40%; in textile industry, it can reduce the water consumption by 14% - 18%, and the energy consumption in bleaching process by 9% - 14%; in plastic products, it can reduce the demand for petrochemical resources by 20% - 80%, and the products can be naturally degraded; in chemical medicine, it has produced vitamin B2 In the process, it can reduce 80% of CO2 emissions and 67% of sewage emissions In the production of cephalosporins, it can reduce 50% of CO2 emissions, save 20% of energy consumption, and save 75% of water At present, the production of ethanol by white biotechnology is the highest Corn starch, sugar, sugarcane and wheat are used to produce ethanol instead of gasoline, which can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 90% In addition, the bio based products of white biotechnology are mature and mainly used in the production of chemicals In 2011, the total volume of global white biotechnology products was 1161200 metric tons, accounting for only 5% of the market share Three years ago, only four or five global white biotechnology enterprises were active in the market This year, more than 80 enterprises commercialized white biotechnology products, 50 of which are chemical products based on biological raw materials In a report released earlier this year, Jonathan Porritt estimated that by 2025, the global market capacity of white biotechnology products will be 150-360 billion pounds, mainly used in agriculture, forestry, healthcare and manufacturing industries The market expects white biotechnology to produce 30% more chemicals by 2030 In the past 30 years, China's economy has developed rapidly, with an average annual GDP growth of about 10% The demand for petrochemical energy and raw materials is increasingly strong, and the degree of dependence is gradually increasing In 2013, China's dependence on crude oil import was nearly 60% The high dependence on large chemical raw materials for petroleum refining has become an important factor restricting China's economic development At the same time, the high level of energy consumption, material consumption and environmental pollutant emission of China's industry seriously restricts the sustainable development of China's industrial economy In 2012, China's GDP accounted for about 5% of the world's; however, energy consumption ranked second in the world In 2012, China's carbon emissions reached 7.9 billion tons, accounting for about 1 / 4 of global emissions The development of industrial biotechnology and the substitution of bio renewable resources for petrochemical resources can effectively reduce China's dependence on petrochemical raw materials, CO2 emissions and realize the sustainable development of low-carbon economy The 12th Five Year Plan for the development of modern biological manufacturing science and Technology issued by the Ministry of science and technology proposes to replace the industrial raw material route with renewable carbon resources instead of fossil resources, and replace the process route with green and efficient biocatalysts instead of chemical catalysts, so as to promote the rapid development of China's modern biological manufacturing industry The plan also proposes to strengthen the research on major scientific issues such as biocatalysis and biotransformation, the establishment of artificial organisms and cell factories, and the engineering of biological processes In fact, in the past decade, the Chinese government has been attaching importance to and supporting the development of the white biotechnology industry, taking various measures to meet the supply and demand of products, such as material incentives and preferential tax subsidies China's white biotechnology has achieved rapid development, especially in the bioenergy and chemical industries For example, China has consolidated and strengthened its position as the third largest ethanol producer and the second largest chemical producer In terms of white biotechnology, China has completed strain engineering, fermentation process optimization, immobilized enzyme and cell technology, separation and extraction technology, and bioreactor optimization breakthrough and other major technologies Fermentation and the application of high-value Chinese small batch biocatalysis technology have achieved great success in the past decades According to Ximei information data, the market value of China's bio based fine chemicals reached 7.4 billion US dollars in 2010, accounting for 40% of the market value of China's white biotechnology industry, which is the largest white biotechnology sub industry in China With the development of science and technology, the number of white biotechnology products is not increasing, but the production scale is also expanding The main products in China are traditional fermentation products, such as enzymes, vitamins, amino acids, organic acids, starch derivatives, new white biotechnology products, polyhydroxyfatty acids, 1,3-pdo and microalgae diesel In the future, more white biotechnology products will be commercialized.