Blood: Exogenous antigens successfully significantly enhance immune depletion of HIV CAR T cell amplification

!---- CAR T cells targeting CD19 plus hematologic malignancies, springing up, quickly becoming a promising new treatment, on the contrary, the results of several CAR T-cell studies of infectious diseases such as HIV-1 are less convincingthese challenges may be due to the lower level of antigens in patients with ART inhibition compared to patients with hematologic malignanciesIn this study, Rust et altested ART-suppressed HIV-1 infection strategies in their sophisticated non-human primate models to overcome these limitations and challengesresearchers first optimized the production of CAR T cells to maintain a subset of central memory, consistent with current clinical patternsRust and other assumptions, under ART inhibition conditions, additional exogenous antigens may be required to help CAR-T cell amplification and maintenance, Rust and others studied four art-suppressed rhesus monkeys infected with the simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) and injected them with viral-specific CD4CAR T cells, and then supplemented with additional infusion cell-related HIV-1 shells (Env)Env promotes significant and unprecedented amplification of virus-specific CAR-T cells in the body, followed by the discontinuation of ART therapy, which significantly delayed the virus rebound in the Env treatment group compared to the control group (p-0.014)anti-PD-1 antibodies that were resuscitated by rhesus monkeys in two animals where CAR-T cells declined to reverse PD-1-dependent immune depletionimmune checkpoint block triggers depleted CAR T cell amplification, which then reduces the viral load to undetectable levelsin summary, the above results show that additional cell-related antigens can enable CAR T cells to grow robustly in environments where antigens are scarceknow that this study is the first to reveal that virus-specific CAR T cells can amplification in infected, inhibited host bodies and delay/control virus recurrence