Brain, Behavior, and Immunity: Chronic pain is inextricably linked to the immune system

Introduction: There are three main types of pain: first, injury pain, from bee bruises, ankle sprains to inflammatory arthritis;pain happens from time to time in our lives, so we think of it as a familiar, hard-to-get-away feeling; Until recently, researchers have found that human pain, especially nerve pain, is inextricably linked to the immune systemThe findings open the door to a new world of understanding pain, especially chronic painIn fact, chronic pain is no longer seen as a simple symptom, but as a diseaseProfessor Mark Hutchinson, director of the Centre for Nanobiophotonics (CNBP) at the University of Adelaide in Australia, has shown in years of ground-breaking research that signalling between immune cells in the brain and spinal cord is a key factor in supporting chronic pain and stems from genetic susceptibilityIn addition, Professor Hutchinson recently developed a new tool that enables real-time changes in the immune signals in the brain in the spinal cord of rats to monitor IL-beta in the spinal cordPreviously, the researchers found that the first veins were given a micro-injection of an immune-modulation, neuroendotoxin, and then injected with the volunteers' subcutaneous capsaicin (a compound that causes burning and pain in chili peppers), and found that the volunteers were more sensitive to painThis important experiment suggests that neuroimmune may be the key to explaining painBut there is still a long way to go to really find out the root causes of painso CNBP researchers created a dedicated cell line to try to clarify the mechanism"The synergy of capsaicin and endotoxin shass people to increase human pain," said Samuel Evans, Ph.D., of the University of Adelaide School of MedicineSo I'm re-examining human cells and going into animal experiments to see if we can separate the effects of the twoEvans developed a calcium biometric based on human embryonic kidney cells, an analytical platform that determines the concentration or potency of calcium by the state of cells or tissues"What we're interested in is how the immune system interacts with the neural pathways of pain, especially their interaction with chronic pain, and how this pain changes from hurtful pain to persistent and debilitating pain," samuel Evans saidA very important question now is: How did this shift happen? Theimmune system has been developing for millions of years to protect animals from viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites, and the human immune system is the most complex As a result, the deeper any study involving the immune system "tends to raise more questions than answers." But Evans said: "But this biometric is certainly a useful tool when studying the separate and synergistic effects of TRPV1 and TLR4 "
instantaneous receptor potential ion channel protein TrpV1 is the receptor of capsaicin, while TLR4 is the pattern recognition receptor involved in cell signal transduction and inflammatory response Both have been targeted as pain-relieving drugs, but their effects are indeed mixed It's important to understand these mechanisms because the drugs are currently either only in the nerves or just anti-inflammatory, which is less than ideal (for chronic pain) and often has side effects," Evans said researchers will gradually expand the results into a variety of cells, and then hope to use organs for experiments This process is necessary because as the results become more complex, conclusions drawn from only one cell may not hold true Therefore, it is necessary to go back to the pain process and find an effective potential target or pathway