Chinese Academy of Sciences University and Harvard Medical School: Peanuts as an alternative snack can reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome in adults in China

Metabolic syndrome (metabolic syndrome, MetS) is not really a disease.
, it is a group of risk factors that can make patients susceptible to coronary heart disease, stroke, renal and peripheral vascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.
patients with these factors also had higher mortality rates than the general population.
the third guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Group on Adult Therapy (NCEP-ATP III), these factors include: 1. Central obesity: waist circumference, 90 cm (for men in China); (Women in China); 2. High triglycerideemia: concentration of triglycerides in the blood plasma on an empty stomach ≥1.7 mmol/L or 150 mg/dL; 3. plasma on an empty stomach HDL-Cholesterol Concentrations: .lt;1.0 mmol/L or 40 mg/dL (male); . Elevated blood pressure: blood pressure≥130/85 mmHg; 5. Insulin resistance: Glucose concentration on an empty stomach≥5.6 mmol/L or 100 mg/dL.
patients with 3 or more of the risk factors mentioned above can be considered to have MetS.
all five factors are independent precursors to danger, they are also interrelated and can mutually enhance each other's role in the development of the syndrome.
more than one risk factor increases an individual's risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes, so their combined effects are greater than the sum of their individual effects.
study showed that nut intake was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, while eating refined grains was associated with a higher risk.
little is known about whether replacing white rice, a refined grain, with nuts will benefit high-risk adults.
, a team of nutrition experts from the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Harvard Medical School in the United States studied the issue.
results were published in the journal Am J Clin Nutr, the top journal of nutrition.
The study was a parallel arm randomized control study that focused on the effects of peanut replacement white rice bars on fasting blood sugar, lipids, weight, and MetS changes in participants at risk of MetS or MetS.
included 224 participants who either had MetS (n s 163 according to the International Diabetes Federation's criteria for Chinese adults) or had a MetS risk (central obesity plus an additional MetS risk factor, n s 61).
participants were randomly assigned to the peanut group (56g/d as a snack, n s 113) or the control group (iso-calorie white rice stick, n s 111) for a 12-week trial.
209 participants (93.3 per cent) completed a 12-week intervention trial, with a follow-up rate greater than 85 per cent for all participants.
, there was no significant difference between the two groups of participants in the improvement of peri-abdominal blood sugar, HDL cholesterol, waist circumference and body weight.
but the MetS return rate of the peanut group participants (no longer met the MetS standard after 12 weeks of trial) was significantly higher than that of the control group (RR:2.33; 95% CI: 1.10, 4.89; P=0.026).
In this way, the addition of peanuts as a snack to a habitual diet instead of refined cereal snacks did not significantly alter blood sugar or lipid parameters, but improved the overall MetS risk of adults at high risk of heart metabolic disease in China.
further large-scale trials are needed in the future to confirm these findings and shed light on potential biological mechanisms.
: Wang D, et al. Replacing white rice bars with peanuts as snacks in the habitual diet improves metabolic syndrome risk among Chinese adults: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Nov 24:nqaa307. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa307. MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All text, images and audio and video materials on this website that indicate "Source: Mets Medicine" or "Source: MedSci Originals" are owned by Mets Medicine and are not authorized to be reproduced by any media, website or individual, and are authorized to be reproduced with the words "Source: Mets Medicine".
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