Deciphering the 11,000-year genetic history of the population at the intersection of East and Southeast Asia

Deciphering the 11,000-year genetic history of the population at the intersection of East and Southeast Asia

Deciphering the 11,000-year genetic history of the population at the intersection of East and Southeast Asia Decrypt the genetic history of the 11,000-year population at the intersection of East and Southeast Asia

Concept map of genetic relationship among East Asian ancestors (photo courtesy of Wang Tianyi, Chen Zehui, Fu Qiaomei)

On June 24, the team of Fu Qiaomei, a researcher at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, cooperated with Ji Xueping, a researcher at the Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Wang Wei, a professor at Shandong University, and Guangxi Institute of Cultural Relic Conservation and Archaeology.
The results of nuclear genome research are published online in the journal Cell
.

Researchers conducted research on the ancient genomes of people in southern East Asia, revealing the history of migration and interaction of people at the intersection of East Asia and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years, filling the gaps in the ancient human genome in the bordering areas of the two places, and updating the exchanges between the two places.

Fu Qiaomei’s team used ancient nuclear genome capture technology to overcome the difficulty of poor preservation of ancient DNA due to the hot and humid environment in the south of East Asia, and successfully captured 30 cases (15 sites) from 170 human bones or fossils (30 sites) in Guangxi ) The ancient human genome from 10686 to 294 years ago, and a case of the ancient human genome from Fujian province 11747 years ago
.

Among them, the two human individuals from Longlin in Guangxi and Qihedong in Fujian are dated earlier than 10,000 years.
This is the earliest human paleogenome data obtained so far in South East Asia and Southeast Asia
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Previously, genome studies of ancient humans in Southeast Asia and southern China showed that the early populations of the two places had very different genetic histories
.

Previous studies have revealed the differences and correlations in the genetic history of the early populations in South East Asia and Southeast Asia, and left many important scientific questions that need to be explored.

In general, the study first revealed the diversity of Asian populations 11,000 years ago.
The related ancient East Asian populations represented by the Longlin people have never been observed before and have not contributed to the current North and South populations.
Unknown ancient East Asian crowd
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Secondly, it reveals the evolution and change history of the population in Guangxi and Fujian in southern China from a dynamic perspective, and highlights the important position of Guangxi in the evolution of the Asian population—not only the geographic intersection of East Asia and Southeast Asia, but also the two.
The area of ​​communication between local populations in genetic history
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And this is the first time it has been discovered that genetic exchanges between populations existed in East Asia and Southeast Asia before the spread of agriculture

Finally, it was discovered that population turnover occurred in this area 6000 years later, providing important clues for tracing the history of ethnic minorities in China
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This research has important scientific significance for filling in the interactive historical details of the prehistoric populations in East Asia and Southeast Asia, and revising the evolutionary pattern of the populations in the south of East Asia

Related research is supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the "Research on the Roots of Chinese Civilization" project of Zhengzhou University, the Tencent Scientific Exploration Award, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute
.

(Source: China Science News, Cui Xueqin)

Related paper information: https://doi.

https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
cell.
2021.
05.
018 https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
cell.
2021.
05.
018