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According to the analysis of the disease and insect monitoring in the whole region of Guangxi and the autonomous region plant protection station in conjunction with relevant experts, it is expected that the overall occurrence of sugarcane diseases and insect pests in the whole region will be moderate in 2022
.
This plan is formulated in order to do a good job in the prevention and control of sugarcane pests and diseases, reduce the damage caused by pests and diseases, and promote the healthy development of the sugarcane
industry in Guangxi and the continuous increase of farmers' income .
.
This plan is formulated in order to do a good job in the prevention and control of sugarcane pests and diseases, reduce the damage caused by pests and diseases, and promote the healthy development of the sugarcane
industry in Guangxi and the continuous increase of farmers' income .
1.
Prevention and control goals
Prevention and control goals
The disposal rate of migratory locusts up to the standard area is 100%, the control and disposal rate of other major pests and diseases is over 85%, the overall control effect is over 80%, and the overall damage loss rate is controlled within 10%
.
Expand the application scale of green prevention and control technology, and promote the reduction and efficiency of pesticides
.
.
Expand the application scale of green prevention and control technology, and promote the reduction and efficiency of pesticides
.
2.
Prevention and control strategies
Prevention and control strategies
Implement the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control", adopt the strategy of "focusing on pre-control, prevent root, stem and sheath leaf pests", seize the key period, key link, key measures and major pests and diseases, organize and guide the majority of sugarcane farmers Focus on prevention, give priority to biological control, strengthen unified control, do a good job in comprehensive prevention, focus on early and mid-term and root and stem diseases and insect pests, strengthen late-stage foliar disease and insect control, implement a combination of comprehensive management and emergency response, and promote green prevention and specialization The integrated implementation of unified prevention and control can comprehensively, continuously, effectively and safely control the damage of pests and diseases
.
.
3.
Main target and prevention and control measures
Main target and prevention and control measures
(1) A class of pests and diseases
1.
East Asian locust
East Asian locust
(1) Ecological control: The sugarcane area in central Guizhou promotes biodiversity control technology, adopts changes in planting structure, promotes biodiversity, and conducts afforestation, fruit tree planting, development of under-forest planting, etc.
in areas with conditions, or planting locusts without Dicotyledonous plants that like to eat (such as watermelon, peanut, etc.
); Binhu Lake and the flooded locust area in Guizhong combined with the renovation of water conservancy facilities to develop a variety of breeding models; coastal locust areas such as Hepu County, Beihai City combined with coastal mangrove ecological protection projects to improve Vegetation along tidal flats reduces the number of migratory locust populations
.
in areas with conditions, or planting locusts without Dicotyledonous plants that like to eat (such as watermelon, peanut, etc.
); Binhu Lake and the flooded locust area in Guizhong combined with the renovation of water conservancy facilities to develop a variety of breeding models; coastal locust areas such as Hepu County, Beihai City combined with coastal mangrove ecological protection projects to improve Vegetation along tidal flats reduces the number of migratory locust populations
.
(2) Biological control: mainly in low- and medium-density occurrence areas (the density of locusts is less than 5 heads/㎡) and ecologically sensitive areas (including lakes, reservoirs, water source reserves, nature reserves and other areas where the use of chemical pesticides is prohibited or restricted) , Priority use of locust microsporidia, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and other microbial pesticides for control, rational use of matrine, azadirachtin botanical pesticides, in the interlaced areas of agriculture and forestry, can be used to shepherd chickens and ducks, attract beneficial birds, etc.
Prevention and treatment
.
Prevention and treatment
.
(3) Emergency chemical control: In the high-density occurrence area (the density of locusts is more than 5 heads/㎡), use specialized unified prevention and control emergency technology
.
.
2.
Spodoptera frugiperda
Spodoptera frugiperda
(1) During the occurrence period of adult insects, use light trapping, food trapping and other physical and chemical trapping and control technologies, and preferentially select organisms such as Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV), and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt.
) The preparations can prevent larvae in the early stage, and fully protect and utilize natural enemies such as Spodoptera frugiperda and Trichogramma borer;
) The preparations can prevent larvae in the early stage, and fully protect and utilize natural enemies such as Spodoptera frugiperda and Trichogramma borer;
(2) In areas with high population density and concentrated contiguous occurrence, it is necessary to seize the young stage of larvae and apply safe, efficient and targeted pesticides in time for control
.
.
(3) Pesticides can be selected from Avermectin Benzoate, Spinosad, Chlorantraniliprole, Tetrachlorantraniliprole, Indoxacarb, Lufenuron, Chlorfenapyr, etc.
, pay attention to the rotation of drugs and safe medication
.
, pay attention to the rotation of drugs and safe medication
.
3.
Armyworm
Armyworm
During the occurrence period of adults, use frequency-vibrating insecticidal lamps, black light lamps or sexual attractants, and sweet and sour liquid to trap and kill them
.
In the larval stage, use 10 billion spores/gram Beauveria bassiana dispersible oil suspension or 8000IU/microliter Bacillus thuringiensis suspension or 200 grams/liter chlorantraniliprole suspension for spraying
.
.
In the larval stage, use 10 billion spores/gram Beauveria bassiana dispersible oil suspension or 8000IU/microliter Bacillus thuringiensis suspension or 200 grams/liter chlorantraniliprole suspension for spraying
.
(2) Class II pests and diseases
1.
Sugarcane Borer
Sugarcane Borer
(Striped borer, two-spotted borer, yellow borer)
(1) Winter and Spring Qing Garden
.
.
Harvest sugarcane at a low rate, centrally dispose of residual stems and leaves in a timely manner after harvesting, and rotate crops reasonably to reduce insect sources
.
.
(2) Put the bee to treat the borer
.
.
According to the forecast, Trichogramma borer is released from March to July to control sugarcane borer, 5 to 6 times throughout the growth period, and more than 6,000 bees are released per mu each time
.
.
(3) Sexual lure trapping
.
.
Set traps in the field to trap and kill sugarcane strip borer, yellow borer and two-spotted borer adults, and set 1 set of traps per acre for each type of borer
.
.
(4) Prominently do a good job of early prevention and control of disasters
.
.
Focus on the prevention and control of the first and second generation of borers, especially the first generation
.
When planting, choose to spread 10% chlorpyrifos, 8% chlorpyrifos, 5% chlorpyrifos and other granules in the planting ditch; apply pesticides immediately after sporadic dry heart seedlings appear in the field, and then apply once after 7 days.
, pesticides can choose 18% insecticidal double water agent, 98% chlortetracycline soluble powder, 40% chlorpyrifos EC, 20% chlorantraniliprole suspending agent and so on
.
.
When planting, choose to spread 10% chlorpyrifos, 8% chlorpyrifos, 5% chlorpyrifos and other granules in the planting ditch; apply pesticides immediately after sporadic dry heart seedlings appear in the field, and then apply once after 7 days.
, pesticides can choose 18% insecticidal double water agent, 98% chlortetracycline soluble powder, 40% chlorpyrifos EC, 20% chlorantraniliprole suspending agent and so on
.
2.
Sugarcane smut
Sugarcane smut
(1) Choose disease-resistant varieties
.
Choose suitable disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions
.
.
Choose suitable disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions
.
(2) Soaking seeds
.
Soak the seedlings in cold water for several hours before planting, and then immerse them in hot water at 52°C for 20 minutes
.
.
Soak the seedlings in cold water for several hours before planting, and then immerse them in hot water at 52°C for 20 minutes
.
(3) The sugarcane fields with severe disease do not stay in perennial cane, and the cane stems are not used for seed
.
.
(4) Immediately pull out the diseased plants and take them away from the sugarcane field for centralized destruction to prevent the spread
.
.
(3) Other pests and diseases
1.
Sugarcane turtle and sugarcane root saw longhorn beetle
Sugarcane turtle and sugarcane root saw longhorn beetle
(1) Install frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps to trap and kill adults, and install 1 set in 30~50 acres
.
.
(2) When planting, apply 3% phoxim or 8% phoxim and other granules
.
.
(3) For the control of S.
beetle, 1 billion spores/gram of Metarhizium anisopliae microgranules can be used for 3,000-5,000 grams of preparation/mu
.
beetle, 1 billion spores/gram of Metarhizium anisopliae microgranules can be used for 3,000-5,000 grams of preparation/mu
.
2.
Little cutworm
Little cutworm
In the adult stage, use frequency-vibrating insecticidal lamps, black light lamps or sweet and sour liquid to trap and kill to reduce the number of eggs in the field; in the larval stage, use 5% chlorantraniliprole suspension agent to spray
.
.
3.
Thrips
Thrips
Use 300 g/L of chloramphenicol and thiamethoxam suspension agent 40~50 ml/mu to mix soil and spread, and apply once each when planting sugarcane and cultivating soil
.
In case of thrips damage in the seedling stage, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder or 25% thiamethoxam water dispersant can be mixed with water to spray the heart leaves in the morning or evening, and then spray once every 5 to 7 days
.
.
In case of thrips damage in the seedling stage, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder or 25% thiamethoxam water dispersant can be mixed with water to spray the heart leaves in the morning or evening, and then spray once every 5 to 7 days
.
4.
Cotton aphid
Cotton aphid
(1) Remove the dead and old leaf sheaths in time
.
.
(2) Evenly spread thiamethoxam granules when small sugarcane is cultivated
.
.
(3) Immediately apply pesticides for prevention and control when the spot-like occurrence has not yet spread.
Use 25% thiamethoxam water dispersant mixed with water and sprayed
.
Use 25% thiamethoxam water dispersant mixed with water and sprayed
.
(4) When the sugarcane cotton aphid occurs in large quantities from June to July, use 15% chlorpyrifos aerosol spray with a fog machine and other measures
.
.
5.
Shoot rot
Shoot rot
(1) Choose disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions
.
.
(2) Remove the source of infection in the field
.
After the sugarcane is harvested, the residual leaves of the diseased plants in the field are removed and treated in a centralized manner to reduce the initial infection source of the following year
.
During the sugarcane growth period, the diseased plants should be removed in time to prevent the spread of the disease
.
.
After the sugarcane is harvested, the residual leaves of the diseased plants in the field are removed and treated in a centralized manner to reduce the initial infection source of the following year
.
During the sugarcane growth period, the diseased plants should be removed in time to prevent the spread of the disease
.
(3) Strengthen cultivation management
.
Scientific management of water and fertilizer, cultivating and cultivating soil in a timely manner, promoting the robustness of plants, enhancing disease resistance, removing old leaves in time, and making sugarcane fields ventilated and light
.
.
Scientific management of water and fertilizer, cultivating and cultivating soil in a timely manner, promoting the robustness of plants, enhancing disease resistance, removing old leaves in time, and making sugarcane fields ventilated and light
.
(4) Timely chemical control
.
Spray 50% benomyl or 50% carbendazim wettable powder in the early stage of disease
.
.
Spray 50% benomyl or 50% carbendazim wettable powder in the early stage of disease
.
6.
Pineapple disease
Pineapple disease
(1) After harvesting and cutting sugarcane, clean up the residual stems and dead leaves in time
.
.
(2) Soak the sugarcane seeds with 2% lime water for 24 hours, or soak the seeds with 50% carbendazim liquid for 3 to 4 minutes
.
.
(3) For fields with excessively acidic soil, 60-70 kg of lime powder per mu can inhibit the reproduction of bromeliads
.
.
(4) Use 200 g/L azoxystrobin suspending agent 45~60 ml/mu for furrow application
.
.
Fourth, the main push technology
(1) Winter and Spring Qing Garden
Implement low-cut sugarcane, remove residual stems and leaves in time after harvest, strengthen and guide sugarcane farmers to implement reasonable crop rotation, and reduce the accumulation of insect sources
.
.
(2) Disinfection of sugarcane seeds
The newly planted sugarcane should be soaked or dressed with chemicals.
Soak the sugarcane seeds in 50% carbendazim 500 times solution for 3 to 4 minutes, or in 3% to 4% lime water for 8 hours, or 20% lime water for 1 minute
.
Soak the sugarcane seeds in 50% carbendazim 500 times solution for 3 to 4 minutes, or in 3% to 4% lime water for 8 hours, or 20% lime water for 1 minute
.
(3) Fitness cultivation
Do a good job in fitness cultivation, and apply sufficient base fertilizer when ridges and furrows are opened in newly planted sugarcane fields; scientifically apply fertilizers in a certain proportion when the perennial sugarcane is first cultivated to promote the early growth and rapid development of sugarcane seedlings, and further continue to control the underground pests and rhizomes in the early and mid-term.
pests
.
At the same time, strengthen field management, check and replenish seedlings in a timely manner, cultivating and weeding in a timely manner, stripping old leaves, diseased leaves, and reducing the damage caused by diseases and insects
.
pests
.
At the same time, strengthen field management, check and replenish seedlings in a timely manner, cultivating and weeding in a timely manner, stripping old leaves, diseased leaves, and reducing the damage caused by diseases and insects
.
(4) Physical and chemical inducement
1.
Use frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps to trap and kill armyworms, sugarcane turtles, sugarcane root saw longhorn beetles, termites and other pests
.
Use frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps to trap and kill armyworms, sugarcane turtles, sugarcane root saw longhorn beetles, termites and other pests
.
2.
Use lures and sweet and sour liquid to trap and kill sugarcane borers, Spodoptera frugiperda, small cutworms and armyworms
.
Use lures and sweet and sour liquid to trap and kill sugarcane borers, Spodoptera frugiperda, small cutworms and armyworms
.
(5) Biological control
1.
Put the bee to treat the borer
.
Unified artificial release of Trichogramma borer
.
Put the bee to treat the borer
.
Unified artificial release of Trichogramma borer
.
2.
In areas where locusts occur, the method of pasting chickens and ducks can be used to prevent and control them, and explore ecological cycle modes such as "cane-damp-chicken (duck)"
.
In areas where locusts occur, the method of pasting chickens and ducks can be used to prevent and control them, and explore ecological cycle modes such as "cane-damp-chicken (duck)"
.
3.
Use microbial pesticides such as locust microsporidia and Metarhizium anisopliae to control East Asian migratory locusts and soil locusts, and use biological preparations such as Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Bacillus thuringiensis to control Spodoptera frugiperda and armyworms
.
Use microbial pesticides such as locust microsporidia and Metarhizium anisopliae to control East Asian migratory locusts and soil locusts, and use biological preparations such as Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Bacillus thuringiensis to control Spodoptera frugiperda and armyworms
.
