EBioMedicine: Breastfeeding may reduce the risk of infants suffering from diabetes

More and more children are suffering from autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes
.

In Sweden, 40 out of every 100,000 children are diagnosed with the disease each year, which is the second highest incidence rate in the world

Anna-Maria Lampousi et al, Dietary factors and risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis,EBioMedicine(2021).
DOI: 10.
1016/j.
ebiom.
2021.
103633

Anna-Maria Lampousi et al, Dietary factors and risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis,EBioMedicine(2021).
DOI: 10.
1016/j.
ebiom.
2021.
103633 EBioMedicine

The results of the study found that a longer period of any or exclusive breastfeeding is inversely related to type 1 diabetes (T1D), that is, the longer the feeding period, the lower the risk of developing T1D
.

Specifically, babies who are breast-feeding 6-12 months have a 61% lower risk of developing type 1 diabetes than other babies

A longer period of any or exclusive breastfeeding is inversely related to type 1 diabetes (T1D), that is, the longer the feeding period, the lower the risk of developing T1D

Type 1 diabetes risk related to diet

Type 1 diabetes risk related to diet

Anna-Maria Lampousi et al, Dietary factors and risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis,  EBioMedicine  (2021).
DOI: 10.
1016/j.
ebiom.
2021.
103633

Anna-Maria Lampousi et al, Dietary factors and risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis,  EBioMedicine  (2021).
DOI: 10.
1016/j.
ebiom.
2021.
103633 EBioMedicine

Breastfeeding, milk powder or solid food consumption has nothing to do with islet autoantibodies.
“Islet autoimmunity” refers to the islet autoantibodies that appear in serum, indicating that it may be the beginning of the autoimmune process leading to T1D.
This disease often occurs in During childhood, the incidence has increased worldwide in the past few decades
.

So, how about children's milk intake? Studies believe that high intake of dairy products during childhood will increase the risk of T1D and pancreatic islet autoantibodies
.

In addition, it has been observed that T1D is positively correlated with the intake of meat, protein and nitrite in childhood

In addition, do omega-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of T1D? Studies have shown that more omega-3 fatty acids in childhood may reduce the risk of T1D (RR: 0.
69, 95% CI 0.
30-1.
62) and islet autoimmunity (RR: 0.
75, 95% CI 0.
33-1.
66), but In fact, the correlation is not significant
.

The amount of omega-3 ingested by the fetus through the mother has nothing to do with T1D and pancreatic islet autoantibodies

The age of fruit contact has an inverse relationship with T1D (RR: 0.
47, 95% CI 0.
25-0.
86)
.

Higher intake of vitamin C and vitamin A through diet or supplements during childhood is also associated with a reduced risk of T1D

25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) is the main form of vitamin D in the body
.

Serum 25(OH)D levels in adulthood will reduce the risk of developing T1D

The relationship between T1D and the age of breastfeeding and exposure to gluten foods was rated as highly evidenced by researchers, and the relationship with exclusive breastfeeding, age of exposure to milk, and fruit was rated as moderate evidence
.

The review also found that there is moderate-quality evidence that children who are exclusively breastfed for at least two months are associated with a lower risk of type 1 diabetes, and they will also start drinking milk (2-3 months old) and eating fruits later ( 4~6 months old)
.

Sofia Karlsson, a senior lecturer at the Institute of Environmental Medicine at Karolinska Institute, said: "Our analysis shows that breastfeeding has a preventive effect on type 1 diabetes, and the importance of introducing bran, milk and fruit later in infancy
.

However, the evidence for most dietary factors is generally low, and we need more high-quality studies to be able to draw any clear conclusions

Reference materials:

Anna-Maria Lampousi et al, Dietary factors and risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis, EBioMedicine (2021).

Anna-Maria Lampousi et al, Dietary factors and risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis, EBioMedicine (2021) DOI:.
10.
1016 / j.
ebiom.
2021.
103633 in this message